Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development
The E/ID protein axis is instrumental for defining the developmental progression and functions of hematopoietic cells. The E proteins are dimeric transcription factors that activate gene expression programs and coordinate changes in chromatin organization. Id proteins are antagonists of E protein ac...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.881656/full |
| _version_ | 1817987362456600576 |
|---|---|
| author | Megan Aubrey Zachary J. Warburg Cornelis Murre |
| author_facet | Megan Aubrey Zachary J. Warburg Cornelis Murre |
| author_sort | Megan Aubrey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The E/ID protein axis is instrumental for defining the developmental progression and functions of hematopoietic cells. The E proteins are dimeric transcription factors that activate gene expression programs and coordinate changes in chromatin organization. Id proteins are antagonists of E protein activity. Relative levels of E/Id proteins are modulated throughout hematopoietic development to enable the progression of hematopoietic stem cells into multiple adaptive and innate immune lineages including natural killer cells, B cells and T cells. In early progenitors, the E proteins promote commitment to the T and B cell lineages by orchestrating lineage specific programs of gene expression and regulating VDJ recombination of antigen receptor loci. In mature B cells, the E/Id protein axis functions to promote class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. E protein activity further regulates differentiation into distinct CD4+ and CD8+ T cells subsets and instructs mature T cell immune responses. In this review, we discuss how the E/Id proteins define the adaptive immune system lineages, focusing on their role in directing developmental gene programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:20:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79594ced582142af82b4c576dc30896f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:20:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-79594ced582142af82b4c576dc30896f2022-12-22T02:22:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-05-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.881656881656Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune DevelopmentMegan AubreyZachary J. WarburgCornelis MurreThe E/ID protein axis is instrumental for defining the developmental progression and functions of hematopoietic cells. The E proteins are dimeric transcription factors that activate gene expression programs and coordinate changes in chromatin organization. Id proteins are antagonists of E protein activity. Relative levels of E/Id proteins are modulated throughout hematopoietic development to enable the progression of hematopoietic stem cells into multiple adaptive and innate immune lineages including natural killer cells, B cells and T cells. In early progenitors, the E proteins promote commitment to the T and B cell lineages by orchestrating lineage specific programs of gene expression and regulating VDJ recombination of antigen receptor loci. In mature B cells, the E/Id protein axis functions to promote class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. E protein activity further regulates differentiation into distinct CD4+ and CD8+ T cells subsets and instructs mature T cell immune responses. In this review, we discuss how the E/Id proteins define the adaptive immune system lineages, focusing on their role in directing developmental gene programs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.881656/fullHLHE proteinsId proteinsVDJ recombinationlymphopoiesishematopoiesis |
| spellingShingle | Megan Aubrey Zachary J. Warburg Cornelis Murre Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development Frontiers in Immunology HLH E proteins Id proteins VDJ recombination lymphopoiesis hematopoiesis |
| title | Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development |
| title_full | Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development |
| title_fullStr | Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development |
| title_short | Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development |
| title_sort | helix loop helix proteins in adaptive immune development |
| topic | HLH E proteins Id proteins VDJ recombination lymphopoiesis hematopoiesis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.881656/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meganaubrey helixloophelixproteinsinadaptiveimmunedevelopment AT zacharyjwarburg helixloophelixproteinsinadaptiveimmunedevelopment AT cornelismurre helixloophelixproteinsinadaptiveimmunedevelopment |