Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils
Being the most expensive spice, saffron has great economic importance. This crop grows well in cold arid deserts. Salinity is one of the important limiting factors for the cultivation of this crop. However, the use of composted manured and co-composted biochar and fertilizers can play a role in atte...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X23003674 |
| _version_ | 1797315987729547264 |
|---|---|
| author | Shagufta Qasim Shamim Gul Abdul Hanan Buriro Fahad Shafiq Tariq Ismail |
| author_facet | Shagufta Qasim Shamim Gul Abdul Hanan Buriro Fahad Shafiq Tariq Ismail |
| author_sort | Shagufta Qasim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Being the most expensive spice, saffron has great economic importance. This crop grows well in cold arid deserts. Salinity is one of the important limiting factors for the cultivation of this crop. However, the use of composted manured and co-composted biochar and fertilizers can play a role in attenuating the salinity stress on this crop. In this two-year field study, manures from three sources: sheep and goat (SG), cow and buffalo (FYM), and poultry (PM) farms, and their co-compost with slow-pyrolyzed wood-derived biochar (B) were used for saffron cultivation in slightly saline (electrical conductivity 1.95 dS m−1) and non-saline soils. Yield and concentration of antioxidants of stigma and bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of this crop, under salinity and non-salinity conditions, were evaluated. Results revealed that in non-saline soil of first-year crops, all fertilizers decreased the yield of stigma than control by 15–49 % (P ≤ 0.05) but increased the concentration of carotenoids and total polyphenolics (P ≤ 0.05). In saline soil, no difference in yield was observed between treatments for the first-year crop; however, for the second-year crop, as compared to control, PM and FYM significantly increased yield by 41 % and 44 % respectively, whereas FYM also increased the concentration of total polyphenolics (P ≤ 0.05). The FYM fertilizer was found suitable for the yield and quality of saffron stigma for second-year crops in both soils (non-saline and saline). The observed OTUs, Chao1, Fischer, and ACE indexes based on 16 s rRNA metagenomic analysis revealed 2–4 times greater bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of PM-B and SG-B treatments than in the control. Furthermore, 347 bacterial species were found in PM-B- or SG-B-amended soils absent in control treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:12:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-796675cd6b7942189659e140c4a70066 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1319-562X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:12:47Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-796675cd6b7942189659e140c4a700662024-02-13T04:06:25ZengElsevierSaudi Journal of Biological Sciences1319-562X2024-03-01313103922Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soilsShagufta Qasim0Shamim Gul1Abdul Hanan Buriro2Fahad Shafiq3Tariq Ismail4Department of Botany, University of Balochistan, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Balochistan, Pakistan; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, QC, Canada; Corresponding author at: Department of Botany, University of Balochistan, Visiting Faculty, Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, QC, Canada.Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Agricultural College, Larkana, a constituent college of Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Sindg, PakistanInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Balochistan, PakistanBeing the most expensive spice, saffron has great economic importance. This crop grows well in cold arid deserts. Salinity is one of the important limiting factors for the cultivation of this crop. However, the use of composted manured and co-composted biochar and fertilizers can play a role in attenuating the salinity stress on this crop. In this two-year field study, manures from three sources: sheep and goat (SG), cow and buffalo (FYM), and poultry (PM) farms, and their co-compost with slow-pyrolyzed wood-derived biochar (B) were used for saffron cultivation in slightly saline (electrical conductivity 1.95 dS m−1) and non-saline soils. Yield and concentration of antioxidants of stigma and bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of this crop, under salinity and non-salinity conditions, were evaluated. Results revealed that in non-saline soil of first-year crops, all fertilizers decreased the yield of stigma than control by 15–49 % (P ≤ 0.05) but increased the concentration of carotenoids and total polyphenolics (P ≤ 0.05). In saline soil, no difference in yield was observed between treatments for the first-year crop; however, for the second-year crop, as compared to control, PM and FYM significantly increased yield by 41 % and 44 % respectively, whereas FYM also increased the concentration of total polyphenolics (P ≤ 0.05). The FYM fertilizer was found suitable for the yield and quality of saffron stigma for second-year crops in both soils (non-saline and saline). The observed OTUs, Chao1, Fischer, and ACE indexes based on 16 s rRNA metagenomic analysis revealed 2–4 times greater bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of PM-B and SG-B treatments than in the control. Furthermore, 347 bacterial species were found in PM-B- or SG-B-amended soils absent in control treatments.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X23003674Crocus sativusWood-derived biocharFlavonoidsCarotenoidsTotal polyphenolicsCo-composted biochar |
| spellingShingle | Shagufta Qasim Shamim Gul Abdul Hanan Buriro Fahad Shafiq Tariq Ismail Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Crocus sativus Wood-derived biochar Flavonoids Carotenoids Total polyphenolics Co-composted biochar |
| title | Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils |
| title_full | Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils |
| title_fullStr | Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils |
| title_short | Biochar-based organic fertilizers: Influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non-saline soils |
| title_sort | biochar based organic fertilizers influence on yield and concentration of antioxidants in the stigma of saffron and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of slightly saline and non saline soils |
| topic | Crocus sativus Wood-derived biochar Flavonoids Carotenoids Total polyphenolics Co-composted biochar |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X23003674 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shaguftaqasim biocharbasedorganicfertilizersinfluenceonyieldandconcentrationofantioxidantsinthestigmaofsaffronandrhizospherebacterialdiversityofslightlysalineandnonsalinesoils AT shamimgul biocharbasedorganicfertilizersinfluenceonyieldandconcentrationofantioxidantsinthestigmaofsaffronandrhizospherebacterialdiversityofslightlysalineandnonsalinesoils AT abdulhananburiro biocharbasedorganicfertilizersinfluenceonyieldandconcentrationofantioxidantsinthestigmaofsaffronandrhizospherebacterialdiversityofslightlysalineandnonsalinesoils AT fahadshafiq biocharbasedorganicfertilizersinfluenceonyieldandconcentrationofantioxidantsinthestigmaofsaffronandrhizospherebacterialdiversityofslightlysalineandnonsalinesoils AT tariqismail biocharbasedorganicfertilizersinfluenceonyieldandconcentrationofantioxidantsinthestigmaofsaffronandrhizospherebacterialdiversityofslightlysalineandnonsalinesoils |