Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater
According to statistics, the number of patients with kidney dialysis is increasing every year, especially in Taiwan. The high content of antibiotics in kidney dialysis wastewater can create an environmental burden if not properly treated. Therefore, in this study, a new design for a flower-like ZnO...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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author | Shui-Shu Hsiao Thi-Minh-Phuong Nguyen Li-Pang Wang Gui-Bing Hong Yu-Chen Cheng Pei-Hua Wang Cong-Chinh Duong Chia-Jui Yang |
author_facet | Shui-Shu Hsiao Thi-Minh-Phuong Nguyen Li-Pang Wang Gui-Bing Hong Yu-Chen Cheng Pei-Hua Wang Cong-Chinh Duong Chia-Jui Yang |
author_sort | Shui-Shu Hsiao |
collection | DOAJ |
description | According to statistics, the number of patients with kidney dialysis is increasing every year, especially in Taiwan. The high content of antibiotics in kidney dialysis wastewater can create an environmental burden if not properly treated. Therefore, in this study, a new design for a flower-like ZnO catalyst that can effectively treat norfloxacin (NF) in dialysis wastewater is presented and its NF treatment efficiency is investigated under different operating parameters (including different dosages, pH, ambient temperatures, and pollutant concentrations). Scanning electron microscope results indicate that the ZnO sample consists of flower-like nanostructures with diameters of about 4.97 μm. The surface area, pore volume, and pore size of the flower-like ZnO were estimated to be 46.45 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>, 0.132 cm<sup>3</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>, and 19.50 nm, respectively. The total removal efficiency increased with the increase in the initial pH value of NF, when the initial pH value of NF increased from 3.5 (38.1%) to 7.5 (82.5%). However, the total removal efficiency decreased with an increase in the initial pH value of NF, when the initial pH value of NF increased from 9.5 (79.5%) to 11.5 (32.9%). The second-order kinetic simulation results show that the linear relationship is better than that of the first-order kinetic, and the Rc<sup>2</sup> values are all above 0.9. |
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spelling | doaj.art-798b3d0e66a64934a796ad7e5be0ecb22023-11-18T09:42:01ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-06-0113697910.3390/catal13060979Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis WastewaterShui-Shu Hsiao0Thi-Minh-Phuong Nguyen1Li-Pang Wang2Gui-Bing Hong3Yu-Chen Cheng4Pei-Hua Wang5Cong-Chinh Duong6Chia-Jui Yang7Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanFaculty of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, VietnamInstitute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanDepartment of Environmental Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yilan 26047, TaiwanDepartment of Environmental Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yilan 26047, TaiwanSouthern Institute of Water Resources Research, Ho Chi Minh 700000, VietnamDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, TaiwanAccording to statistics, the number of patients with kidney dialysis is increasing every year, especially in Taiwan. The high content of antibiotics in kidney dialysis wastewater can create an environmental burden if not properly treated. Therefore, in this study, a new design for a flower-like ZnO catalyst that can effectively treat norfloxacin (NF) in dialysis wastewater is presented and its NF treatment efficiency is investigated under different operating parameters (including different dosages, pH, ambient temperatures, and pollutant concentrations). Scanning electron microscope results indicate that the ZnO sample consists of flower-like nanostructures with diameters of about 4.97 μm. The surface area, pore volume, and pore size of the flower-like ZnO were estimated to be 46.45 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>, 0.132 cm<sup>3</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>, and 19.50 nm, respectively. The total removal efficiency increased with the increase in the initial pH value of NF, when the initial pH value of NF increased from 3.5 (38.1%) to 7.5 (82.5%). However, the total removal efficiency decreased with an increase in the initial pH value of NF, when the initial pH value of NF increased from 9.5 (79.5%) to 11.5 (32.9%). The second-order kinetic simulation results show that the linear relationship is better than that of the first-order kinetic, and the Rc<sup>2</sup> values are all above 0.9.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/6/979dialysis wastewaternorfloxacinflower-like ZnOphotocatalysis |
spellingShingle | Shui-Shu Hsiao Thi-Minh-Phuong Nguyen Li-Pang Wang Gui-Bing Hong Yu-Chen Cheng Pei-Hua Wang Cong-Chinh Duong Chia-Jui Yang Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater Catalysts dialysis wastewater norfloxacin flower-like ZnO photocatalysis |
title | Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater |
title_full | Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater |
title_fullStr | Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater |
title_full_unstemmed | Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater |
title_short | Preparation-Height-Specific Surface Area of Flower-like ZnO for Norfloxacin Removal in Dialysis Wastewater |
title_sort | preparation height specific surface area of flower like zno for norfloxacin removal in dialysis wastewater |
topic | dialysis wastewater norfloxacin flower-like ZnO photocatalysis |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/6/979 |
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