Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part
Due to their large possibility of the structure modification, alkylammonium gemini surfactants are a rapidly growing class of compounds. They exhibit significant surface, aggregation and antimicrobial properties. Due to the fact that, in order to achieve the desired utility effect, the minimal conce...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/5759 |
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| author | Bogumil Eugene Brycki Adrianna Szulc Iwona Kowalczyk Anna Koziróg Ewelina Sobolewska |
| author_facet | Bogumil Eugene Brycki Adrianna Szulc Iwona Kowalczyk Anna Koziróg Ewelina Sobolewska |
| author_sort | Bogumil Eugene Brycki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to their large possibility of the structure modification, alkylammonium gemini surfactants are a rapidly growing class of compounds. They exhibit significant surface, aggregation and antimicrobial properties. Due to the fact that, in order to achieve the desired utility effect, the minimal concentration of compounds are used, they are in line with the principle of greenolution (green evolution) in chemistry. In this study, we present innovative synthesis of the homologous series of gemini surfactants modified at the spacer by the ether group, i.e., 3-oxa-1,5-pentane-<i>bis</i>(<i>N</i>-alkyl-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylammonium bromides). The critical micelle concentrations were determined. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the synthesized compounds were determined against bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 10536 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 6538; yeast <i>Candida albicans</i> ATCC 10231; and molds <i>Aspergillus niger</i> ATCC 16401 and <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> ATCC 60739. We also investigated the relationship between antimicrobial activity and alkyl chain length or the nature of the spacer. The obtained results indicate that the synthesized compounds are effective microbicides with a broad spectrum of biocidal activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:55:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-798ccc1493924304bd96b1564a41071e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:55:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-798ccc1493924304bd96b1564a41071e2023-11-22T16:32:13ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-09-012619575910.3390/molecules26195759Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer PartBogumil Eugene Brycki0Adrianna Szulc1Iwona Kowalczyk2Anna Koziróg3Ewelina Sobolewska4Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, PolandInstitute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInterdisciplinary Doctoral School of the Lodz University of Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, PolandDue to their large possibility of the structure modification, alkylammonium gemini surfactants are a rapidly growing class of compounds. They exhibit significant surface, aggregation and antimicrobial properties. Due to the fact that, in order to achieve the desired utility effect, the minimal concentration of compounds are used, they are in line with the principle of greenolution (green evolution) in chemistry. In this study, we present innovative synthesis of the homologous series of gemini surfactants modified at the spacer by the ether group, i.e., 3-oxa-1,5-pentane-<i>bis</i>(<i>N</i>-alkyl-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylammonium bromides). The critical micelle concentrations were determined. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the synthesized compounds were determined against bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 10536 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 6538; yeast <i>Candida albicans</i> ATCC 10231; and molds <i>Aspergillus niger</i> ATCC 16401 and <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> ATCC 60739. We also investigated the relationship between antimicrobial activity and alkyl chain length or the nature of the spacer. The obtained results indicate that the synthesized compounds are effective microbicides with a broad spectrum of biocidal activity.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/5759gemini surfactantsfunctionalized spacerantimicrobial activityMICsurface activity |
| spellingShingle | Bogumil Eugene Brycki Adrianna Szulc Iwona Kowalczyk Anna Koziróg Ewelina Sobolewska Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part Molecules gemini surfactants functionalized spacer antimicrobial activity MIC surface activity |
| title | Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part |
| title_sort | antimicrobial activity of gemini surfactants with ether group in the spacer part |
| topic | gemini surfactants functionalized spacer antimicrobial activity MIC surface activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/5759 |
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