Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert
Land–atmosphere interactions are influenced by the earth’s complex underlying subsurface, which in turn indirectly affects atmospheric motion and climate change. Human activities are increasingly exerting an influence on desert ecosystems, and artificial green land with clear functional orientation...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Land |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/8/1541 |
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| author | Silalan Abudukade Fan Yang Yongqiang Liu Ali Mamtimin Jiacheng Gao Mingjie Ma Wenbiao Wang Zhengnan Cui Yu Wang Kun Zhang Meiqi Song Jiantao Zhang |
| author_facet | Silalan Abudukade Fan Yang Yongqiang Liu Ali Mamtimin Jiacheng Gao Mingjie Ma Wenbiao Wang Zhengnan Cui Yu Wang Kun Zhang Meiqi Song Jiantao Zhang |
| author_sort | Silalan Abudukade |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Land–atmosphere interactions are influenced by the earth’s complex underlying subsurface, which in turn indirectly affects atmospheric motion and climate change. Human activities are increasingly exerting an influence on desert ecosystems, and artificial green land with clear functional orientation has been established in many desert areas. Consequently, the previously dominant, shifting, sand-covered, underlying surface in these desert regions is gradually transforming. This transformation has significant implications for the characteristics of land–atmosphere interactions, causing them to deviate from their original state. At present, existing studies still have not presented a systematic understanding of this change and have ignored the impact of human activities on land–atmosphere interactions in artificial green land. To address these research gaps, this study specifically targets artificial green land in the Tazhong region of Taklamakan Desert. We carried out observation experiments on land–atmosphere interactions in three different functional units from outside to inside: natural shifting sands, the shelter forest, and the living area. We also analyzed the differences and attribution of land–atmosphere interactions characteristics of different functional units. Compared with the natural shifting sands, the daily average maximum values of wind speed in the shelter forest decreased by 78%, and the daily average maximum air temperature and soil (0 cm) temperature decreased by 2.6 °C and 7 °C, respectively. Additionally, the soil moisture level was significantly increased throughout the green land due to the shelter forest. The surface albedo experienced a decrease, with an annual average of 0.21. Furthermore, the aerodynamic roughness and bulk transport coefficient increased by two orders of magnitude. The daily average maximum values of sensible heat flux and soil heat flux (G<sub>05</sub>) decreased by 18.7% and 75%, respectively, and the daily average maximum value of latent heat flux increased by 70.3%. This effectively improved the microclimate environment of the green land. The living area was greatly reduced by the shelter forest coverage and influenced by the buildings. Consequently, the environmental improvement was not as large as it was inside the shelter forest. However, it still provided a good shelter for production and living in the desert area. Throughout the year, a total of 4.60 × 10<sup>5</sup> t water was consumed through evapotranspiration in the artificial green land. The findings of this study have the potential to enhance our comprehension of land–atmosphere interactions in desert regions, thereby offering valuable insights for the establishment and effective management of artificial desert green lands. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:48:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-798d853c800941a8b42987d720614a32 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-798d853c800941a8b42987d720614a322023-11-19T01:51:00ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2023-08-01128154110.3390/land12081541Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan DesertSilalan Abudukade0Fan Yang1Yongqiang Liu2Ali Mamtimin3Jiacheng Gao4Mingjie Ma5Wenbiao Wang6Zhengnan Cui7Yu Wang8Kun Zhang9Meiqi Song10Jiantao Zhang11College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaCollege of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaElion Resources Group Co., Ltd., NO. 15 Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100026, ChinaElion Resources Group Co., Ltd., NO. 15 Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100026, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaCollege of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaInstitute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, ChinaLand–atmosphere interactions are influenced by the earth’s complex underlying subsurface, which in turn indirectly affects atmospheric motion and climate change. Human activities are increasingly exerting an influence on desert ecosystems, and artificial green land with clear functional orientation has been established in many desert areas. Consequently, the previously dominant, shifting, sand-covered, underlying surface in these desert regions is gradually transforming. This transformation has significant implications for the characteristics of land–atmosphere interactions, causing them to deviate from their original state. At present, existing studies still have not presented a systematic understanding of this change and have ignored the impact of human activities on land–atmosphere interactions in artificial green land. To address these research gaps, this study specifically targets artificial green land in the Tazhong region of Taklamakan Desert. We carried out observation experiments on land–atmosphere interactions in three different functional units from outside to inside: natural shifting sands, the shelter forest, and the living area. We also analyzed the differences and attribution of land–atmosphere interactions characteristics of different functional units. Compared with the natural shifting sands, the daily average maximum values of wind speed in the shelter forest decreased by 78%, and the daily average maximum air temperature and soil (0 cm) temperature decreased by 2.6 °C and 7 °C, respectively. Additionally, the soil moisture level was significantly increased throughout the green land due to the shelter forest. The surface albedo experienced a decrease, with an annual average of 0.21. Furthermore, the aerodynamic roughness and bulk transport coefficient increased by two orders of magnitude. The daily average maximum values of sensible heat flux and soil heat flux (G<sub>05</sub>) decreased by 18.7% and 75%, respectively, and the daily average maximum value of latent heat flux increased by 70.3%. This effectively improved the microclimate environment of the green land. The living area was greatly reduced by the shelter forest coverage and influenced by the buildings. Consequently, the environmental improvement was not as large as it was inside the shelter forest. However, it still provided a good shelter for production and living in the desert area. Throughout the year, a total of 4.60 × 10<sup>5</sup> t water was consumed through evapotranspiration in the artificial green land. The findings of this study have the potential to enhance our comprehension of land–atmosphere interactions in desert regions, thereby offering valuable insights for the establishment and effective management of artificial desert green lands.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/8/1541Taklamakan Desertartificial green landland–atmosphere interactionscharacteristic parametersvortex correlation |
| spellingShingle | Silalan Abudukade Fan Yang Yongqiang Liu Ali Mamtimin Jiacheng Gao Mingjie Ma Wenbiao Wang Zhengnan Cui Yu Wang Kun Zhang Meiqi Song Jiantao Zhang Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert Land Taklamakan Desert artificial green land land–atmosphere interactions characteristic parameters vortex correlation |
| title | Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert |
| title_full | Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert |
| title_short | Effects of Artificial Green Land on Land–Atmosphere Interactions in the Taklamakan Desert |
| title_sort | effects of artificial green land on land atmosphere interactions in the taklamakan desert |
| topic | Taklamakan Desert artificial green land land–atmosphere interactions characteristic parameters vortex correlation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/8/1541 |
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