Ultrasound Findings of Fetal Infections: Current Knowledge

Infectious diseases during pregnancy are still a major cause of fetal mortality and morbidity worldwide. The most common teratogenic pathogens are cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), rubeovirus, parvovirus B19, herpes simplex virus (HSV), Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum and th...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rosita Verteramo, Erica Santi, Francesca Ravennati, Gennaro Scutiero, Pantaleo Greco, Danila Morano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-07-01
Series:Reproductive Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3897/3/3/16
Description
Summary:Infectious diseases during pregnancy are still a major cause of fetal mortality and morbidity worldwide. The most common teratogenic pathogens are cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), rubeovirus, parvovirus B19, herpes simplex virus (HSV), Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum and the emergent Zika virus (ZIKV). Ultrasound findings include cerebral anomalies, orbital defects, micrognathia, cardiac defects, hepatosplenomegaly, liver calcifications, abdominal anomalies, skin and limb anomalies, edema, placental and amniotic fluid anomalies and altered Doppler analyses. The classification of ultrasound markers of congenital infections by anatomical region is reported to guide differential diagnosis and prenatal care.
ISSN:2673-3897