Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction
A novel biochar-based graphitic carbon nitride was prepared through calcination of <i>Zinnia grandiflora</i> petals and urea. To provide acidic and ionic-liquid functionalities on the prepared carbon, the resultant biochar-based graphitic carbon nitride was vinyl functionalized and polym...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5958 |
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| author | Samahe Sadjadi Fatemeh Koohestani Majid Heravi |
| author_facet | Samahe Sadjadi Fatemeh Koohestani Majid Heravi |
| author_sort | Samahe Sadjadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel biochar-based graphitic carbon nitride was prepared through calcination of <i>Zinnia grandiflora</i> petals and urea. To provide acidic and ionic-liquid functionalities on the prepared carbon, the resultant biochar-based graphitic carbon nitride was vinyl functionalized and polymerized with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, acrylic acid and the as-prepared 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride. The final catalytic system that benefits from both acidic (–COOH and –SO<sub>3</sub>H) and ionic-liquid functionalities was applied as a versatile, metal-free catalyst for promoting some model acid catalyzed reactions such as Knoevenagel condensation and Biginelli reaction in aqueous media under a very mild reaction condition. The results confirmed high activity of the catalyst. Broad substrate scope and recyclability and stability of the catalyst were other merits of the developed protocols. Comparative experiments also indicated that both acidic and ionic-liquid functionalities on the catalyst participated in the catalysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79aeb67960de4f2d8f8f7836e9097497 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-79aeb67960de4f2d8f8f7836e90974972023-11-21T01:03:15ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-12-012524595810.3390/molecules25245958Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed ReactionSamahe Sadjadi0Fatemeh Koohestani1Majid Heravi2Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, P.O. Box 14975112, Tehran 1497713115, IranGas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, P.O. Box 14975112, Tehran 1497713115, IranDepartment of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, P.O. Box 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran 1993891176, IranA novel biochar-based graphitic carbon nitride was prepared through calcination of <i>Zinnia grandiflora</i> petals and urea. To provide acidic and ionic-liquid functionalities on the prepared carbon, the resultant biochar-based graphitic carbon nitride was vinyl functionalized and polymerized with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, acrylic acid and the as-prepared 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride. The final catalytic system that benefits from both acidic (–COOH and –SO<sub>3</sub>H) and ionic-liquid functionalities was applied as a versatile, metal-free catalyst for promoting some model acid catalyzed reactions such as Knoevenagel condensation and Biginelli reaction in aqueous media under a very mild reaction condition. The results confirmed high activity of the catalyst. Broad substrate scope and recyclability and stability of the catalyst were other merits of the developed protocols. Comparative experiments also indicated that both acidic and ionic-liquid functionalities on the catalyst participated in the catalysis.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5958ionic liquidcatalystbiochargraphitic carbon nitrideKnoevenagel condensationdihydropyrimidinones |
| spellingShingle | Samahe Sadjadi Fatemeh Koohestani Majid Heravi Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction Molecules ionic liquid catalyst biochar graphitic carbon nitride Knoevenagel condensation dihydropyrimidinones |
| title | Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction |
| title_full | Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction |
| title_fullStr | Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction |
| title_short | Biochar-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Adorned with Ionic Liquid Containing Acidic Polymer: A Versatile, Non-Metallic Catalyst for Acid Catalyzed Reaction |
| title_sort | biochar based graphitic carbon nitride adorned with ionic liquid containing acidic polymer a versatile non metallic catalyst for acid catalyzed reaction |
| topic | ionic liquid catalyst biochar graphitic carbon nitride Knoevenagel condensation dihydropyrimidinones |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5958 |
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