| Summary: | In sensors, the highest precision in measurements is given by vacuum fluctuations of quantum mechanics, resulting in a shot noise limit. In a Mach–Zenhder interferometer (MZI), the intensity measurement is correlated with the phase, and thus, the precision measurement (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Δ</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) is coupled with the phase resolution (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Δ</mi><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">φ</mi></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Quantum metrology offers a different solution to this precision measurement using nonclassical light such as squeezed light or higher-order entangled-photon pairs, resulting in a smaller <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Δ</mi><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">φ</mi></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and sub-shot noise limit. Here, we propose another method for the high precision measurement overcoming the diffraction limit in classical physics, where the smaller <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Δ</mi><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">φ</mi></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> is achieved by phase quantization in a coupled interferometric system of coherence de Broglie waves. For a potential application of the proposed method, a quantum ring laser gyroscope is presented as a quantum version of the conventional ring laser gyroscope used for inertial navigation and geodesy.
|
|---|