Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections
Accurate preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) can be very challenging, especially in patients with chronic PJI caused by low-virulence microorganisms. Serum parameters, such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP) or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), are—among other dia...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/9/1128 |
| _version_ | 1797520119587405824 |
|---|---|
| author | Irene K. Sigmund Stephan E. Puchner Reinhard Windhager |
| author_facet | Irene K. Sigmund Stephan E. Puchner Reinhard Windhager |
| author_sort | Irene K. Sigmund |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) can be very challenging, especially in patients with chronic PJI caused by low-virulence microorganisms. Serum parameters, such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP) or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), are—among other diagnostic test methods—widely used to distinguish septic from aseptic failure after total hip or knee arthroplasty and are recommended by the AAOS in the preoperative setting. However, they are systemic parameters, and therefore, unspecific. Nevertheless, they may be the first and occasionally the only preoperative indication, especially when clinical symptoms are lacking. They are easy to obtain, cheap, and are available worldwide. In the last decade, different novel serum biomarkers (percentage of neutrophils, neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio, platelet count to mean platelet volume ratio, fibrinogen, D-Dimer, Il-6, PCT) were investigated to find a more specific and accurate serum parameter in the diagnosis of PJI. This article reviews the diagnostic value of established (serum CRP, ESR, WBC) and ‘novel’ serum inflammatory biomarkers (fibrinogen, D-dimer, interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin, percentage of neutrophils (%N), neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR), platelet count to mean platelet volume ratio (PC/mPV)) for the preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:52:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79b6b7806978476296fe3ed8fdecd67a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:52:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-79b6b7806978476296fe3ed8fdecd67a2023-11-22T12:07:26ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-09-0199112810.3390/biomedicines9091128Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint InfectionsIrene K. Sigmund0Stephan E. Puchner1Reinhard Windhager2Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, AustriaAccurate preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) can be very challenging, especially in patients with chronic PJI caused by low-virulence microorganisms. Serum parameters, such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP) or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), are—among other diagnostic test methods—widely used to distinguish septic from aseptic failure after total hip or knee arthroplasty and are recommended by the AAOS in the preoperative setting. However, they are systemic parameters, and therefore, unspecific. Nevertheless, they may be the first and occasionally the only preoperative indication, especially when clinical symptoms are lacking. They are easy to obtain, cheap, and are available worldwide. In the last decade, different novel serum biomarkers (percentage of neutrophils, neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio, platelet count to mean platelet volume ratio, fibrinogen, D-Dimer, Il-6, PCT) were investigated to find a more specific and accurate serum parameter in the diagnosis of PJI. This article reviews the diagnostic value of established (serum CRP, ESR, WBC) and ‘novel’ serum inflammatory biomarkers (fibrinogen, D-dimer, interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin, percentage of neutrophils (%N), neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR), platelet count to mean platelet volume ratio (PC/mPV)) for the preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/9/1128periprosthetic joint infectiondiagnosisserum inflammatory markersbiomarkerCRPfibrinogen |
| spellingShingle | Irene K. Sigmund Stephan E. Puchner Reinhard Windhager Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections Biomedicines periprosthetic joint infection diagnosis serum inflammatory markers biomarker CRP fibrinogen |
| title | Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections |
| title_full | Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections |
| title_fullStr | Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections |
| title_short | Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections |
| title_sort | serum inflammatory biomarkers in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections |
| topic | periprosthetic joint infection diagnosis serum inflammatory markers biomarker CRP fibrinogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/9/1128 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ireneksigmund seruminflammatorybiomarkersinthediagnosisofperiprostheticjointinfections AT stephanepuchner seruminflammatorybiomarkersinthediagnosisofperiprostheticjointinfections AT reinhardwindhager seruminflammatorybiomarkersinthediagnosisofperiprostheticjointinfections |