Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
<i>Drosophila suzukii</i> is a quarantine pest that is rapidly spreading in berries. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of combination treatment with ethyl formate (EF) and cold temperature for <i>D. suzukii</i> control on imported grapes. A higher insecticidal effec...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/8/664 |
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| author | Jong-Chan Jeon Hyun-Kyung Kim Hyun-Na Koo Bong-Su Kim Jeong-Oh Yang Gil-Hah Kim |
| author_facet | Jong-Chan Jeon Hyun-Kyung Kim Hyun-Na Koo Bong-Su Kim Jeong-Oh Yang Gil-Hah Kim |
| author_sort | Jong-Chan Jeon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> is a quarantine pest that is rapidly spreading in berries. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of combination treatment with ethyl formate (EF) and cold temperature for <i>D. suzukii</i> control on imported grapes. A higher insecticidal effect was observed at 1 °C than at 5 °C at all developmental stages, and the pupal stage showed the strongest tolerance to cold temperature. After EF fumigation alone, eggs showed the highest tolerance at 216.67 mg·h/L (LCT<sub>99</sub> value), and adults showed the highest susceptibility at <27.24 mg·h/L. Among the combination treatment methods, cold temperature after fumigation resulted in the best synergistic effect. The effect of this combination was significant, with 23.3% higher mortality for eggs, 22.4% for larvae, and 23.4% for pupae than observed with EF fumigation alone. Furthermore, the period of complete <i>D. suzukii</i> control in the 12 L desiccator was shorter in the combination treatment group at the LCT<sub>80</sub> value than at the LCT<sub>50</sub> value of the egg stage. EF showed a very high sorption rate (24%) after 4 h of exposure at a grape loading ratio of 15% in a 0.65 m<sup>3</sup> fumigation chamber. As the grape loading ratio for combination treatment decreased, <i>D. suzukii</i> mortality increased, but when EF was administered at the LCT<sub>80</sub> value, there was little difference in the mortalities of the eggs and larvae but not the pupae. All <i>D. suzukii</i> developmental stages were completely controlled within 7 days after combination treatment, and phytotoxicity was not observed in grapes. These results suggest that the combination of cold-temperature treatment and EF fumigation could be used for <i>D. suzukii</i> control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:13:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79def35b4bfd4a2aa4a39b9c00fc0165 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:13:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-79def35b4bfd4a2aa4a39b9c00fc01652023-11-30T21:38:40ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-07-0113866410.3390/insects13080664Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae)Jong-Chan Jeon0Hyun-Kyung Kim1Hyun-Na Koo2Bong-Su Kim3Jeong-Oh Yang4Gil-Hah Kim5Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaPlant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, KoreaPlant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, KoreaDepartment of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea<i>Drosophila suzukii</i> is a quarantine pest that is rapidly spreading in berries. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of combination treatment with ethyl formate (EF) and cold temperature for <i>D. suzukii</i> control on imported grapes. A higher insecticidal effect was observed at 1 °C than at 5 °C at all developmental stages, and the pupal stage showed the strongest tolerance to cold temperature. After EF fumigation alone, eggs showed the highest tolerance at 216.67 mg·h/L (LCT<sub>99</sub> value), and adults showed the highest susceptibility at <27.24 mg·h/L. Among the combination treatment methods, cold temperature after fumigation resulted in the best synergistic effect. The effect of this combination was significant, with 23.3% higher mortality for eggs, 22.4% for larvae, and 23.4% for pupae than observed with EF fumigation alone. Furthermore, the period of complete <i>D. suzukii</i> control in the 12 L desiccator was shorter in the combination treatment group at the LCT<sub>80</sub> value than at the LCT<sub>50</sub> value of the egg stage. EF showed a very high sorption rate (24%) after 4 h of exposure at a grape loading ratio of 15% in a 0.65 m<sup>3</sup> fumigation chamber. As the grape loading ratio for combination treatment decreased, <i>D. suzukii</i> mortality increased, but when EF was administered at the LCT<sub>80</sub> value, there was little difference in the mortalities of the eggs and larvae but not the pupae. All <i>D. suzukii</i> developmental stages were completely controlled within 7 days after combination treatment, and phytotoxicity was not observed in grapes. These results suggest that the combination of cold-temperature treatment and EF fumigation could be used for <i>D. suzukii</i> control.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/8/664spotted wing drosophila<i>Drosophila suzukii</i>postharvest quarantine treatmentfumigationcold treatmentethyl formate |
| spellingShingle | Jong-Chan Jeon Hyun-Kyung Kim Hyun-Na Koo Bong-Su Kim Jeong-Oh Yang Gil-Hah Kim Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Insects spotted wing drosophila <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> postharvest quarantine treatment fumigation cold treatment ethyl formate |
| title | Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) |
| title_full | Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) |
| title_short | Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) |
| title_sort | synergistic effect of cold treatment combined with ethyl formate fumigation against i drosophila suzukii i diptera drosophilidae |
| topic | spotted wing drosophila <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> postharvest quarantine treatment fumigation cold treatment ethyl formate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/8/664 |
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