Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study
Background: The nerve supply of the upper limb, which is provided by the brachial plexus, is extremely important from a medical and surgical perspective. Muscles of the flexor compartment of the arm are destined to have their nerve supply from the musculocutaneous nerve, a branch from the lateral co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Translational Research in Anatomy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X22000498 |
| _version_ | 1811188949036564480 |
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| author | Monika Lalit Sanjay piplani Anupama Mahajan Poonam Verma |
| author_facet | Monika Lalit Sanjay piplani Anupama Mahajan Poonam Verma |
| author_sort | Monika Lalit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The nerve supply of the upper limb, which is provided by the brachial plexus, is extremely important from a medical and surgical perspective. Muscles of the flexor compartment of the arm are destined to have their nerve supply from the musculocutaneous nerve, a branch from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. Variations in the formation and branching of the brachial plexus are not uncommon. These variations have clinical significance during surgical procedures, in the brachial plexus block, and in diagnostic clinical neurophysiology. Material & methods: The study was carried out in the department of anatomy consisting of 56 limbs during routine undergraduate dissection classes. Dissection of the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus was done. The variations in the origin, number, and distribution of the branches derived from the cords to the flexor compartment of the arm and their correlations to the coracobrachialis were noted. Observation & results: 47 limbs (83.92%) showed a normal morphological pattern of formation and distribution of brachial plexus to the flexor compartment of the arm. 9 limbs (16.07%) showed variations in one form or the other. Two limbs (3.57%) showed an absence of musculocutaneous nerve (MCN). In 3 limbs (5.35%) coracobrachialis was not being supplied by MCN, and 4 limbs (7.14%) exhibited a communication between MCN and Median Nerve (MN). Conclusion: Variations in the nerves supplying the flexor compartment of the arm have clinical implications in post-traumatic evaluations and exploratory innervations of the arm for peripheral nerve restoration. It is important for surgeons, clinicians, and anatomists to be aware of these possible anatomical variations to avoid unexpected complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:26:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79ef9849ae754480b8d2be13cecdbc4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-854X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:26:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Translational Research in Anatomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-79ef9849ae754480b8d2be13cecdbc4d2022-12-22T04:18:50ZengElsevierTranslational Research in Anatomy2214-854X2022-09-0128100203Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric studyMonika Lalit0Sanjay piplani1Anupama Mahajan2Poonam Verma3Dept. of Anatomy, SGRDIMS&R, Amritsar, India; Corresponding author. 24, Lane 5, Gopal Nagar, Majitha Road, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India.Dept. of Pathology, SGRDIMS&R, Amritsar, IndiaDept. of Anatomy, SGRDIMS&R, Amritsar, IndiaDept. of Anatomy, SGRDIMS&R, Amritsar, IndiaBackground: The nerve supply of the upper limb, which is provided by the brachial plexus, is extremely important from a medical and surgical perspective. Muscles of the flexor compartment of the arm are destined to have their nerve supply from the musculocutaneous nerve, a branch from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. Variations in the formation and branching of the brachial plexus are not uncommon. These variations have clinical significance during surgical procedures, in the brachial plexus block, and in diagnostic clinical neurophysiology. Material & methods: The study was carried out in the department of anatomy consisting of 56 limbs during routine undergraduate dissection classes. Dissection of the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus was done. The variations in the origin, number, and distribution of the branches derived from the cords to the flexor compartment of the arm and their correlations to the coracobrachialis were noted. Observation & results: 47 limbs (83.92%) showed a normal morphological pattern of formation and distribution of brachial plexus to the flexor compartment of the arm. 9 limbs (16.07%) showed variations in one form or the other. Two limbs (3.57%) showed an absence of musculocutaneous nerve (MCN). In 3 limbs (5.35%) coracobrachialis was not being supplied by MCN, and 4 limbs (7.14%) exhibited a communication between MCN and Median Nerve (MN). Conclusion: Variations in the nerves supplying the flexor compartment of the arm have clinical implications in post-traumatic evaluations and exploratory innervations of the arm for peripheral nerve restoration. It is important for surgeons, clinicians, and anatomists to be aware of these possible anatomical variations to avoid unexpected complications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X22000498Brachial plexusBiceps brachiiCoracobrachialisMusculocutaneous nerveMedian nerve |
| spellingShingle | Monika Lalit Sanjay piplani Anupama Mahajan Poonam Verma Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study Translational Research in Anatomy Brachial plexus Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Musculocutaneous nerve Median nerve |
| title | Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study |
| title_full | Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study |
| title_fullStr | Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study |
| title_short | Brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis: A cadaveric study |
| title_sort | brachial plexus variations in the flexor compartment of arm with its clinical implications and embryological basis a cadaveric study |
| topic | Brachial plexus Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Musculocutaneous nerve Median nerve |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X22000498 |
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