Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge
Various pretreatment methods have been combined and employed for maximizing the solubilization of waste-activated sludge (WAS). However, the question “by changing the series of applied combined pretreatments (CPs), can the solubilization efficiency of WAS be affected?” has never been addressed. In t...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/16/4165 |
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| author | Alsayed Mostafa Min-Gyun Kim Seongwon Im Mo-Kwon Lee Seoktae Kang Dong-Hoon Kim |
| author_facet | Alsayed Mostafa Min-Gyun Kim Seongwon Im Mo-Kwon Lee Seoktae Kang Dong-Hoon Kim |
| author_sort | Alsayed Mostafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Various pretreatment methods have been combined and employed for maximizing the solubilization of waste-activated sludge (WAS). However, the question “by changing the series of applied combined pretreatments (CPs), can the solubilization efficiency of WAS be affected?” has never been addressed. In this study, firstly, thermal (T), alkaline (A), and ultrasonic (U) pretreatments were individually applied at broad strengths (T = 80–120 °C for 30 min, A = pH 9–12, and U = 5–60 min at 300 W). Then, pretreatment conditions that caused similar solubilization (13.0%) (120 °C, pH 11, and 30 min for T, A, and U, respectively), were adopted for CP with reverse sequences of T&A, U&A, and T&U. A similar disintegration degree was observed in U→A and A→U, while a meaningful difference was found in T&A and T&U: T→A (28.3%), A→T (42.9%), T→U (22.9%), and U→T (27.1%). The difference in pretreatment series also affected the characteristics of soluble matters, which was analyzed by excitation emission matrix and molecular weight distribution. Due to these differences, the highest methane yield of 68.8% (based on (chemical oxygen demand) COD<sub>input</sub>) was achieved at A→T, compared to T→A (62.3%). Our results suggested a simple strategy for increasing solubilization, at the same expense of energy, which might be beneficial in the following treatment process, such as dewatering and transportation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:35:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79f087a2cd66418e94afd41c4e4d4cb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:35:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-79f087a2cd66418e94afd41c4e4d4cb62023-11-20T09:52:38ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-08-011316416510.3390/en13164165Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated SludgeAlsayed Mostafa0Min-Gyun Kim1Seongwon Im2Mo-Kwon Lee3Seoktae Kang4Dong-Hoon Kim5Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaVarious pretreatment methods have been combined and employed for maximizing the solubilization of waste-activated sludge (WAS). However, the question “by changing the series of applied combined pretreatments (CPs), can the solubilization efficiency of WAS be affected?” has never been addressed. In this study, firstly, thermal (T), alkaline (A), and ultrasonic (U) pretreatments were individually applied at broad strengths (T = 80–120 °C for 30 min, A = pH 9–12, and U = 5–60 min at 300 W). Then, pretreatment conditions that caused similar solubilization (13.0%) (120 °C, pH 11, and 30 min for T, A, and U, respectively), were adopted for CP with reverse sequences of T&A, U&A, and T&U. A similar disintegration degree was observed in U→A and A→U, while a meaningful difference was found in T&A and T&U: T→A (28.3%), A→T (42.9%), T→U (22.9%), and U→T (27.1%). The difference in pretreatment series also affected the characteristics of soluble matters, which was analyzed by excitation emission matrix and molecular weight distribution. Due to these differences, the highest methane yield of 68.8% (based on (chemical oxygen demand) COD<sub>input</sub>) was achieved at A→T, compared to T→A (62.3%). Our results suggested a simple strategy for increasing solubilization, at the same expense of energy, which might be beneficial in the following treatment process, such as dewatering and transportation.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/16/4165combined pretreatmentsequencewaste-activated sludgesolubilizationmethane yieldanaerobic digestion |
| spellingShingle | Alsayed Mostafa Min-Gyun Kim Seongwon Im Mo-Kwon Lee Seoktae Kang Dong-Hoon Kim Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge Energies combined pretreatment sequence waste-activated sludge solubilization methane yield anaerobic digestion |
| title | Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge |
| title_full | Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge |
| title_fullStr | Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge |
| title_short | Series of Combined Pretreatment Can Affect the Solubilization of Waste-Activated Sludge |
| title_sort | series of combined pretreatment can affect the solubilization of waste activated sludge |
| topic | combined pretreatment sequence waste-activated sludge solubilization methane yield anaerobic digestion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/16/4165 |
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