Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy
This study investigates combining the property of human vision system and a 2-phase data hiding strategy to improve the visual quality of data-embedded compressed images. The visual Internet of Things (IoT) is indispensable in smart cities, where different sources of visual data are collected for mo...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/1974 |
| _version_ | 1828120557254606848 |
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| author | Yu-Hsiu Lin Chih-Hsien Hsia Bo-Yan Chen Yung-Yao Chen |
| author_facet | Yu-Hsiu Lin Chih-Hsien Hsia Bo-Yan Chen Yung-Yao Chen |
| author_sort | Yu-Hsiu Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates combining the property of human vision system and a 2-phase data hiding strategy to improve the visual quality of data-embedded compressed images. The visual Internet of Things (IoT) is indispensable in smart cities, where different sources of visual data are collected for more efficient management. With the transmission through the public network, security issue becomes critical. Moreover, for the sake of increasing transmission efficiency, image compression is widely used. In order to respond to both needs, we present a novel data hiding scheme for image compression with Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding (AMBTC). Embedding secure data in digital images has broad security uses, e.g., image authentication, prevention of forgery attacks, and intellectual property protection. The proposed method embeds data into an AMBTC block by two phases. In the intra-block embedding phase, a hidden function is proposed, where the five AMBTC parameters are extracted and manipulated to embed the secret data. In the inter-block embedding phase, the relevance of high mean and low mean values between adjacent blocks are exploited to embed additional secret data in a reversible way. Between these two embedding phases, a halftoning scheme called direct binary search is integrated to efficiently improve the image quality without changing the fixed parameters. The modulo operator is used for data extraction. The advantages of this study contain two aspects. First, data hiding is an essential area of research for increasing the IoT security. Second, hiding in compressed images instead of original images can improve the network transmission efficiency. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:08:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79fcecfe55fe4799828896a4b62a6cbb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:08:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-79fcecfe55fe4799828896a4b62a6cbb2022-12-22T04:19:49ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-04-01199197410.3390/s19091974s19091974Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding StrategyYu-Hsiu Lin0Chih-Hsien Hsia1Bo-Yan Chen2Yung-Yao Chen3Dept. Electrical Engineering, Allied AI Biomedical Research Center, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, TaiwanDept. Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Ilan University, Ilan 260, TaiwanGraduate Inst. Automation Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, TaiwanGraduate Inst. Automation Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, TaiwanThis study investigates combining the property of human vision system and a 2-phase data hiding strategy to improve the visual quality of data-embedded compressed images. The visual Internet of Things (IoT) is indispensable in smart cities, where different sources of visual data are collected for more efficient management. With the transmission through the public network, security issue becomes critical. Moreover, for the sake of increasing transmission efficiency, image compression is widely used. In order to respond to both needs, we present a novel data hiding scheme for image compression with Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding (AMBTC). Embedding secure data in digital images has broad security uses, e.g., image authentication, prevention of forgery attacks, and intellectual property protection. The proposed method embeds data into an AMBTC block by two phases. In the intra-block embedding phase, a hidden function is proposed, where the five AMBTC parameters are extracted and manipulated to embed the secret data. In the inter-block embedding phase, the relevance of high mean and low mean values between adjacent blocks are exploited to embed additional secret data in a reversible way. Between these two embedding phases, a halftoning scheme called direct binary search is integrated to efficiently improve the image quality without changing the fixed parameters. The modulo operator is used for data extraction. The advantages of this study contain two aspects. First, data hiding is an essential area of research for increasing the IoT security. Second, hiding in compressed images instead of original images can improve the network transmission efficiency. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/1974Visual Internet of Thingsdata hidingvisual sensing data securitysecure image transmissionabsolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Hsiu Lin Chih-Hsien Hsia Bo-Yan Chen Yung-Yao Chen Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy Sensors Visual Internet of Things data hiding visual sensing data security secure image transmission absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) |
| title | Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy |
| title_full | Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy |
| title_fullStr | Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy |
| title_short | Visual IoT Security: Data Hiding in AMBTC Images Using Block-Wise Embedding Strategy |
| title_sort | visual iot security data hiding in ambtc images using block wise embedding strategy |
| topic | Visual Internet of Things data hiding visual sensing data security secure image transmission absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/1974 |
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