Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets
The waveform of the time-varying magnetic field can be reconstructed by combining the use of quantum sensing technology and orthogonal functions, such as Walsh and Haar wavelet functions, as the control sequences of qubits. However, the piecewise-constant nature of Walsh and Haar wavelet functions i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10431788/ |
| _version_ | 1827348713942548480 |
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| author | Chou-Wei Kiang Jian-Jiun Ding Jean-Fu Kiang |
| author_facet | Chou-Wei Kiang Jian-Jiun Ding Jean-Fu Kiang |
| author_sort | Chou-Wei Kiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The waveform of the time-varying magnetic field can be reconstructed by combining the use of quantum sensing technology and orthogonal functions, such as Walsh and Haar wavelet functions, as the control sequences of qubits. However, the piecewise-constant nature of Walsh and Haar wavelet functions induces pulse-shaped artifacts in the reconstructed waveform. In this article, we propose a robust quantum sensing protocol by driving the qubits with control sequences based on high-smoothness Daubechies wavelets. The time-varying magnetic field waveform is reconstructed with negligible artifacts and higher accuracy. The essential mathematical relations between the qubit readout, the accumulated phase of the quantum state, and the wavelet coefficient are derived based on an intuitive model represented on the Bloch sphere. By controlling each qubit with a continuous microwave control sequence modulated by a Daubechies wavelet function, the yielded qubit readout can be related to a designated wavelet coefficient. These coefficients are then used to reconstruct the time-varying magnetic field waveform with higher smoothness and accuracy via an inverse wavelet transform. The reconstructions of single-tone, triple-tone, and noisy waveforms are simulated under various parameter designs of Daubechies wavelets to manifest the efficacy and accuracy of the proposed method. The waveform reconstruction method based on Daubechies wavelets can also be applied in magnetic resonance spectroscopy and measurements of gravity, electric fields, and temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T00:17:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a16293a4f2148bf9184439c9b4fc5f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T00:17:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a16293a4f2148bf9184439c9b4fc5f52024-02-17T00:02:26ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-0112231812318910.1109/ACCESS.2024.336481710431788Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies WaveletsChou-Wei Kiang0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3327-2638Jian-Jiun Ding1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-2273Jean-Fu Kiang2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-3431Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanThe waveform of the time-varying magnetic field can be reconstructed by combining the use of quantum sensing technology and orthogonal functions, such as Walsh and Haar wavelet functions, as the control sequences of qubits. However, the piecewise-constant nature of Walsh and Haar wavelet functions induces pulse-shaped artifacts in the reconstructed waveform. In this article, we propose a robust quantum sensing protocol by driving the qubits with control sequences based on high-smoothness Daubechies wavelets. The time-varying magnetic field waveform is reconstructed with negligible artifacts and higher accuracy. The essential mathematical relations between the qubit readout, the accumulated phase of the quantum state, and the wavelet coefficient are derived based on an intuitive model represented on the Bloch sphere. By controlling each qubit with a continuous microwave control sequence modulated by a Daubechies wavelet function, the yielded qubit readout can be related to a designated wavelet coefficient. These coefficients are then used to reconstruct the time-varying magnetic field waveform with higher smoothness and accuracy via an inverse wavelet transform. The reconstructions of single-tone, triple-tone, and noisy waveforms are simulated under various parameter designs of Daubechies wavelets to manifest the efficacy and accuracy of the proposed method. The waveform reconstruction method based on Daubechies wavelets can also be applied in magnetic resonance spectroscopy and measurements of gravity, electric fields, and temperature.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10431788/Quantum sensingquantum controlwavelet analysistime-varying signalwaveform reconstructionmagnetometry |
| spellingShingle | Chou-Wei Kiang Jian-Jiun Ding Jean-Fu Kiang Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets IEEE Access Quantum sensing quantum control wavelet analysis time-varying signal waveform reconstruction magnetometry |
| title | Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets |
| title_full | Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets |
| title_fullStr | Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets |
| title_short | Quantum Sensing of Fast Time-Varying Magnetic Field With Daubechies Wavelets |
| title_sort | quantum sensing of fast time varying magnetic field with daubechies wavelets |
| topic | Quantum sensing quantum control wavelet analysis time-varying signal waveform reconstruction magnetometry |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10431788/ |
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