ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area
Abstract Background The objective of this study was to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area, using ATP measurements. Design A cross-sectional observational survey. Methods Standardized ATP measurements were conducted in 9 hospitals on 32 ho...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13756-020-00730-9 |
| _version_ | 1828875760453025792 |
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| author | Andreas van Arkel Ina Willemsen Linda Kilsdonk-Bode Sindy Vlamings-Wagenaars Anne van Oudheusden Pascal De Waegemaeker Isabel Leroux-Roels Martine Verelst Evelien Maas Anita van Oosten Patricia Willemse Esther van Asselen Ella Klomp-Berens Karen Franssen Elise Van Cauwenberg Jan Kluytmans on behalf of the i-4-1-Health Study Group |
| author_facet | Andreas van Arkel Ina Willemsen Linda Kilsdonk-Bode Sindy Vlamings-Wagenaars Anne van Oudheusden Pascal De Waegemaeker Isabel Leroux-Roels Martine Verelst Evelien Maas Anita van Oosten Patricia Willemse Esther van Asselen Ella Klomp-Berens Karen Franssen Elise Van Cauwenberg Jan Kluytmans on behalf of the i-4-1-Health Study Group |
| author_sort | Andreas van Arkel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The objective of this study was to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area, using ATP measurements. Design A cross-sectional observational survey. Methods Standardized ATP measurements were conducted in 9 hospitals on 32 hospital wards. Thirty pre-defined surfaces per hospital ward were measured with the 3 M Clean Trace NG luminometer. Results are displayed in relative light units (RLU). RLU > 1000 was considered as “not clean.” Differences in RLU values were compared between countries, hospitals, fomite groups and medical specialties. Results A total of 960 ATP measurements were performed, ranging from 60 up to 120 per hospital. The median RLU-value was 568 (range: 3–277,586) and 37.7% of the measurements were rated as not clean (RLU > 1000). There were significant differences between countries, hospitals and fomite groups. Conclusion ATP measurements can be used as a more objective approach to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals. Significant differences in ATP levels were found between hospitals and between countries. Also, substantial differences were found between different fomite groups. These findings offer potential targets for improvement of cleanliness in healthcare facilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T08:05:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a1bcceec49345be89a549a5adf57524 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-2994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T08:05:42Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a1bcceec49345be89a549a5adf575242022-12-21T23:54:19ZengBMCAntimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control2047-29942020-05-01911810.1186/s13756-020-00730-9ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border areaAndreas van Arkel0Ina Willemsen1Linda Kilsdonk-Bode2Sindy Vlamings-Wagenaars3Anne van Oudheusden4Pascal De Waegemaeker5Isabel Leroux-Roels6Martine Verelst7Evelien Maas8Anita van Oosten9Patricia Willemse10Esther van Asselen11Ella Klomp-Berens12Karen Franssen13Elise Van Cauwenberg14Jan Kluytmans15on behalf of the i-4-1-Health Study GroupDepartment of Infection Control, Amphia HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Amphia HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Amphia HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Elisabeth Tweesteden HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Elisabeth Tweesteden HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Ghent University HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Ghent University HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, University Hospitals LeuvenDepartment of Infection Control, ZorgSaam HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Admiraal de Ruyter HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Elkerliek HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Elkerliek HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Maastricht University Medical Center+Department of Infection Control, Maastricht University Medical Center+Department of Infection Control, Antwerp University HospitalDepartment of Infection Control, Amphia HospitalAbstract Background The objective of this study was to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area, using ATP measurements. Design A cross-sectional observational survey. Methods Standardized ATP measurements were conducted in 9 hospitals on 32 hospital wards. Thirty pre-defined surfaces per hospital ward were measured with the 3 M Clean Trace NG luminometer. Results are displayed in relative light units (RLU). RLU > 1000 was considered as “not clean.” Differences in RLU values were compared between countries, hospitals, fomite groups and medical specialties. Results A total of 960 ATP measurements were performed, ranging from 60 up to 120 per hospital. The median RLU-value was 568 (range: 3–277,586) and 37.7% of the measurements were rated as not clean (RLU > 1000). There were significant differences between countries, hospitals and fomite groups. Conclusion ATP measurements can be used as a more objective approach to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals. Significant differences in ATP levels were found between hospitals and between countries. Also, substantial differences were found between different fomite groups. These findings offer potential targets for improvement of cleanliness in healthcare facilities.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13756-020-00730-9ATP measurementFomiteSurface contaminationCleaning |
| spellingShingle | Andreas van Arkel Ina Willemsen Linda Kilsdonk-Bode Sindy Vlamings-Wagenaars Anne van Oudheusden Pascal De Waegemaeker Isabel Leroux-Roels Martine Verelst Evelien Maas Anita van Oosten Patricia Willemse Esther van Asselen Ella Klomp-Berens Karen Franssen Elise Van Cauwenberg Jan Kluytmans on behalf of the i-4-1-Health Study Group ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ATP measurement Fomite Surface contamination Cleaning |
| title | ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area |
| title_full | ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area |
| title_fullStr | ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area |
| title_full_unstemmed | ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area |
| title_short | ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area |
| title_sort | atp measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the dutch belgian border area |
| topic | ATP measurement Fomite Surface contamination Cleaning |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13756-020-00730-9 |
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