WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning
Wireless local area network (WLAN) fingerprint positioning is an indoor localization technique with high accuracy and low hardware requirements. However, collecting received signal strength (RSS) samples for the fingerprint database is time-consuming and labor-intensive, hindering the use of this te...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-11-01
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| Series: | ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/11/356 |
| _version_ | 1819160907607965696 |
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| author | Chunjing Song Jian Wang |
| author_facet | Chunjing Song Jian Wang |
| author_sort | Chunjing Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wireless local area network (WLAN) fingerprint positioning is an indoor localization technique with high accuracy and low hardware requirements. However, collecting received signal strength (RSS) samples for the fingerprint database is time-consuming and labor-intensive, hindering the use of this technique. The popular crowdsourcing sampling technique has been introduced to reduce the workload of sample collection, but has two challenges: one is the heterogeneity of devices, which can significantly affect the positioning accuracy; the other is the requirement of users’ intervention in traditional crowdsourcing, which reduces the practicality of the system. In response to these challenges, we have proposed a new WLAN indoor positioning strategy, which incorporates a new preprocessing method for RSS samples, the implicit crowdsourcing sampling technique, and a semi-supervised learning algorithm. First, implicit crowdsourcing does not require users’ intervention. The acquisition program silently collects unlabeled samples, the RSS samples, without information about the position. Secondly, to cope with the heterogeneity of devices, the preprocessing method maps all the RSS values of samples to a uniform range and discretizes them. Finally, by using a large number of unlabeled samples with some labeled samples, Co-Forest, the introduced semi-supervised learning algorithm, creates and repeatedly refines a random forest ensemble classifier that performs well for location estimation. The results of experiments conducted in a real indoor environment show that the proposed strategy reduces the demand for large quantities of labeled samples and achieves good positioning accuracy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T17:03:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a282e0a88ca4eb5aaf45a7cf5a71f89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2220-9964 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T17:03:54Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a282e0a88ca4eb5aaf45a7cf5a71f892022-12-21T18:19:16ZengMDPI AGISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information2220-99642017-11-0161135610.3390/ijgi6110356ijgi6110356WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised LearningChunjing Song0Jian Wang1The School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaThe School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, ChinaWireless local area network (WLAN) fingerprint positioning is an indoor localization technique with high accuracy and low hardware requirements. However, collecting received signal strength (RSS) samples for the fingerprint database is time-consuming and labor-intensive, hindering the use of this technique. The popular crowdsourcing sampling technique has been introduced to reduce the workload of sample collection, but has two challenges: one is the heterogeneity of devices, which can significantly affect the positioning accuracy; the other is the requirement of users’ intervention in traditional crowdsourcing, which reduces the practicality of the system. In response to these challenges, we have proposed a new WLAN indoor positioning strategy, which incorporates a new preprocessing method for RSS samples, the implicit crowdsourcing sampling technique, and a semi-supervised learning algorithm. First, implicit crowdsourcing does not require users’ intervention. The acquisition program silently collects unlabeled samples, the RSS samples, without information about the position. Secondly, to cope with the heterogeneity of devices, the preprocessing method maps all the RSS values of samples to a uniform range and discretizes them. Finally, by using a large number of unlabeled samples with some labeled samples, Co-Forest, the introduced semi-supervised learning algorithm, creates and repeatedly refines a random forest ensemble classifier that performs well for location estimation. The results of experiments conducted in a real indoor environment show that the proposed strategy reduces the demand for large quantities of labeled samples and achieves good positioning accuracy.https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/11/356WLAN fingerprint indoor positioningimplicit crowdsourcingsemi-supervised learningrandom forestco-training |
| spellingShingle | Chunjing Song Jian Wang WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information WLAN fingerprint indoor positioning implicit crowdsourcing semi-supervised learning random forest co-training |
| title | WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning |
| title_full | WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning |
| title_fullStr | WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning |
| title_full_unstemmed | WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning |
| title_short | WLAN Fingerprint Indoor Positioning Strategy Based on Implicit Crowdsourcing and Semi-Supervised Learning |
| title_sort | wlan fingerprint indoor positioning strategy based on implicit crowdsourcing and semi supervised learning |
| topic | WLAN fingerprint indoor positioning implicit crowdsourcing semi-supervised learning random forest co-training |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/11/356 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chunjingsong wlanfingerprintindoorpositioningstrategybasedonimplicitcrowdsourcingandsemisupervisedlearning AT jianwang wlanfingerprintindoorpositioningstrategybasedonimplicitcrowdsourcingandsemisupervisedlearning |