Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach
This paper describes an approach to determine a fast-charging profile for a lithium-ion battery by utilising a simplified single-particle electrochemical model and direct collocation methods for optimal control. An optimal control problem formulation and a direct solution approach were adopted to ad...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/1/2 |
| _version_ | 1797344620295749632 |
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| author | Julio Gonzalez-Saenz Victor Becerra |
| author_facet | Julio Gonzalez-Saenz Victor Becerra |
| author_sort | Julio Gonzalez-Saenz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper describes an approach to determine a fast-charging profile for a lithium-ion battery by utilising a simplified single-particle electrochemical model and direct collocation methods for optimal control. An optimal control problem formulation and a direct solution approach were adopted to address the problem effectively. The results shows that, in some cases, the optimal current profile resembles the current profile in the Constant Current–Constant Voltage charging protocol. Several challenges and knowledge gaps were addressed in this work, including a reformulation of the optimal control problem that utilises direct methods as an alternative to overcome the limitations of indirect methods employed in similar studies. The proposed formulation considers the minimum-time optimal control case, trade-offs between the total charging time, the maximisation of the lithium bulk concentration, and energy efficiency, along with inequality constraints and other factors not previously considered in the literature, which can be helpful in practical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:05:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a2af7693a4c4207b9559655a593b763 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:05:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a2af7693a4c4207b9559655a593b7632024-01-26T15:04:18ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052023-12-01101210.3390/batteries10010002Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control ApproachJulio Gonzalez-Saenz0Victor Becerra1School of Energy and Electronic Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UKSchool of Energy and Electronic Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UKThis paper describes an approach to determine a fast-charging profile for a lithium-ion battery by utilising a simplified single-particle electrochemical model and direct collocation methods for optimal control. An optimal control problem formulation and a direct solution approach were adopted to address the problem effectively. The results shows that, in some cases, the optimal current profile resembles the current profile in the Constant Current–Constant Voltage charging protocol. Several challenges and knowledge gaps were addressed in this work, including a reformulation of the optimal control problem that utilises direct methods as an alternative to overcome the limitations of indirect methods employed in similar studies. The proposed formulation considers the minimum-time optimal control case, trade-offs between the total charging time, the maximisation of the lithium bulk concentration, and energy efficiency, along with inequality constraints and other factors not previously considered in the literature, which can be helpful in practical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/1/2lithium-ion batteriesbattery chargingelectrochemical battery modelsoptimal controldirect methods |
| spellingShingle | Julio Gonzalez-Saenz Victor Becerra Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach Batteries lithium-ion batteries battery charging electrochemical battery models optimal control direct methods |
| title | Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach |
| title_full | Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach |
| title_short | Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach |
| title_sort | determination of fast battery charging profiles using an electrochemical model and a direct optimal control approach |
| topic | lithium-ion batteries battery charging electrochemical battery models optimal control direct methods |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/1/2 |
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