Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes
In the frame of graphene-based material (GBM) hazard characterization, particular attention should be given to the cutaneous effects. Hence, this study investigates if HaCaT skin keratinocytes exposed to high concentrations of few-layer graphene (FLG) or partially dehydrated graphene oxide (d-GO) fo...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1602 |
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| author | Marco Pelin Hazel Lin Arianna Gazzi Silvio Sosa Cristina Ponti Amaya Ortega Amaia Zurutuza Ester Vázquez Maurizio Prato Aurelia Tubaro Alberto Bianco |
| author_facet | Marco Pelin Hazel Lin Arianna Gazzi Silvio Sosa Cristina Ponti Amaya Ortega Amaia Zurutuza Ester Vázquez Maurizio Prato Aurelia Tubaro Alberto Bianco |
| author_sort | Marco Pelin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the frame of graphene-based material (GBM) hazard characterization, particular attention should be given to the cutaneous effects. Hence, this study investigates if HaCaT skin keratinocytes exposed to high concentrations of few-layer graphene (FLG) or partially dehydrated graphene oxide (d-GO) for a short time can recover from the cytotoxic insult, measured by means of cell viability, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, after GBM removal from the cell medium. When compared to 24 or 72 h continuous exposure, recovery experiments suggest that the cytotoxicity induced by 24 h exposure to GBM is only partially recovered after 48 h culture in GBM-free medium. This partial recovery, higher for FLG as compared to GO, is not mediated by autophagy and could be the consequence of GBM internalization into cells. The ability of GBMs to be internalized inside keratinocytes together with the partial reversibility of the cellular damage is important in assessing the risk associated with skin exposure to GBM-containing devices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:24:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a342a1847134bf88d2b34da754d0a5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:24:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a342a1847134bf88d2b34da754d0a5e2023-11-20T10:14:16ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-08-01108160210.3390/nano10081602Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin KeratinocytesMarco Pelin0Hazel Lin1Arianna Gazzi2Silvio Sosa3Cristina Ponti4Amaya Ortega5Amaia Zurutuza6Ester Vázquez7Maurizio Prato8Aurelia Tubaro9Alberto Bianco10Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, ItalyCNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceDepartment of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, ItalyGraphenea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, SpainGraphenea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, SpainFacultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, SpainDepartment of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, ItalyCNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceIn the frame of graphene-based material (GBM) hazard characterization, particular attention should be given to the cutaneous effects. Hence, this study investigates if HaCaT skin keratinocytes exposed to high concentrations of few-layer graphene (FLG) or partially dehydrated graphene oxide (d-GO) for a short time can recover from the cytotoxic insult, measured by means of cell viability, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, after GBM removal from the cell medium. When compared to 24 or 72 h continuous exposure, recovery experiments suggest that the cytotoxicity induced by 24 h exposure to GBM is only partially recovered after 48 h culture in GBM-free medium. This partial recovery, higher for FLG as compared to GO, is not mediated by autophagy and could be the consequence of GBM internalization into cells. The ability of GBMs to be internalized inside keratinocytes together with the partial reversibility of the cellular damage is important in assessing the risk associated with skin exposure to GBM-containing devices.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1602carbon nanomaterials2D materialsautophagybiocompatibilitydermal toxicity |
| spellingShingle | Marco Pelin Hazel Lin Arianna Gazzi Silvio Sosa Cristina Ponti Amaya Ortega Amaia Zurutuza Ester Vázquez Maurizio Prato Aurelia Tubaro Alberto Bianco Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes Nanomaterials carbon nanomaterials 2D materials autophagy biocompatibility dermal toxicity |
| title | Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes |
| title_full | Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes |
| title_fullStr | Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes |
| title_short | Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes |
| title_sort | partial reversibility of the cytotoxic effect induced by graphene based materials in skin keratinocytes |
| topic | carbon nanomaterials 2D materials autophagy biocompatibility dermal toxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1602 |
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