Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities
In the present study, the mycobiomes of two soils with different ecological conditions located in Benin (West Africa) were investigated by environmental sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) of the ITS2-region of ribosomal DNA to gain information about the influence of pedological stratification on fungal div...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/2/97 |
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| author | Enno Mager Ronja Brockhage Meike Piepenbring Francisca Segers Nourou Soulemane Yorou Ingo Ebersberger Ralph Daniel Mangelsdorff |
| author_facet | Enno Mager Ronja Brockhage Meike Piepenbring Francisca Segers Nourou Soulemane Yorou Ingo Ebersberger Ralph Daniel Mangelsdorff |
| author_sort | Enno Mager |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the present study, the mycobiomes of two soils with different ecological conditions located in Benin (West Africa) were investigated by environmental sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) of the ITS2-region of ribosomal DNA to gain information about the influence of pedological stratification on fungal diversity. For each soil depth and horizon, fungal diversity and community composition were analyzed as well as the potential impact of site characteristics, like vegetation, on these traits. The retrieved sequences revealed in all their replicates high similarities between fungal communities of samples from the same site and soil horizon, but differed within one site in their horizons. It was possible to assign a saprotrophic, symbiotrophic, or parasitic lifestyle to 24% of the recorded fungal mOTUs. Plant parasites were found in all samples in similar proportions. The presence of ectomycorrhizal fungi in one site could be linked to the presence of ectomycorrhizal trees. Overall, it was observed that fungal diversity decreased with increasing depth if only one horizon was present, whereas a deeper horizon present at one site contained communities with a distinct composition regarding the taxonomical affiliations and lifestyles of the fungi found compared to the upper layer. Hence, soil horizonation seems to drive differences in the composition of fungal communities, and should be regarded with more attention when analyzing soil mycobiomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:35:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a4a2c52d36a419398bfb70dbe47f16f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:35:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7a4a2c52d36a419398bfb70dbe47f16f2024-02-23T15:14:03ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182024-02-011629710.3390/d16020097Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal CommunitiesEnno Mager0Ronja Brockhage1Meike Piepenbring2Francisca Segers3Nourou Soulemane Yorou4Ingo Ebersberger5Ralph Daniel Mangelsdorff6Department of Forest Protection, Bavarian State Institute of Forestry and Forest Sciences, 85354 Freising, GermanyLandschaftspflegeverband Naturschutzfonds Wetterau e.V., Homburger Straße 17, 61169 Friedberg, GermanyMycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyApplied Bioinformatics Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyResearch Unit Tropical Mycology and Plants-Soil Fungi Interactions (MyTIPS), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou BP 123, BeninApplied Bioinformatics Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyMycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyIn the present study, the mycobiomes of two soils with different ecological conditions located in Benin (West Africa) were investigated by environmental sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) of the ITS2-region of ribosomal DNA to gain information about the influence of pedological stratification on fungal diversity. For each soil depth and horizon, fungal diversity and community composition were analyzed as well as the potential impact of site characteristics, like vegetation, on these traits. The retrieved sequences revealed in all their replicates high similarities between fungal communities of samples from the same site and soil horizon, but differed within one site in their horizons. It was possible to assign a saprotrophic, symbiotrophic, or parasitic lifestyle to 24% of the recorded fungal mOTUs. Plant parasites were found in all samples in similar proportions. The presence of ectomycorrhizal fungi in one site could be linked to the presence of ectomycorrhizal trees. Overall, it was observed that fungal diversity decreased with increasing depth if only one horizon was present, whereas a deeper horizon present at one site contained communities with a distinct composition regarding the taxonomical affiliations and lifestyles of the fungi found compared to the upper layer. Hence, soil horizonation seems to drive differences in the composition of fungal communities, and should be regarded with more attention when analyzing soil mycobiomes.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/2/97BeninectomycorrhizaeDNAfungifungal lifestyleinselberg |
| spellingShingle | Enno Mager Ronja Brockhage Meike Piepenbring Francisca Segers Nourou Soulemane Yorou Ingo Ebersberger Ralph Daniel Mangelsdorff Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities Diversity Benin ectomycorrhiza eDNA fungi fungal lifestyle inselberg |
| title | Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities |
| title_full | Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities |
| title_fullStr | Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities |
| title_short | Soil Horizons Harbor Differing Fungal Communities |
| title_sort | soil horizons harbor differing fungal communities |
| topic | Benin ectomycorrhiza eDNA fungi fungal lifestyle inselberg |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/2/97 |
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