Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue
The present study aimed at utilizing technically hydrolyzed lignin (THL), industrial biomass residue, derived in high-temperature diluted sulfuric acid hydrolysis of softwood and hardwood chips to sugars. The THL was carbonized in a horizontal tube furnace at atmospheric pressure, in inert atmospher...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4842 |
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| author | Iliyana Naydenova Temenuzhka Radoykova Tsvetelina Petrova Ognyan Sandov Ivo Valchev |
| author_facet | Iliyana Naydenova Temenuzhka Radoykova Tsvetelina Petrova Ognyan Sandov Ivo Valchev |
| author_sort | Iliyana Naydenova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study aimed at utilizing technically hydrolyzed lignin (THL), industrial biomass residue, derived in high-temperature diluted sulfuric acid hydrolysis of softwood and hardwood chips to sugars. The THL was carbonized in a horizontal tube furnace at atmospheric pressure, in inert atmosphere and at three different temperatures (500, 600, and 700 °C). Biochar chemical composition was investigated along with its HHV, thermal stability (thermogravimetric analysis), and textural properties. Surface area and pore volume were measured with nitrogen physisorption analysis often named upon Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Increasing the carbonization temperature reduced volatile organic compounds (40 ÷ 96 wt. %), increased fixed carbon (2.11 to 3.68 times the wt. % of fixed carbon in THL), ash, and C-content. Moreover, H and O were reduced, while N- and S-content were below the detection limit. This suggested biochar application as solid biofuel. The biochar Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed that the functional groups were gradually lost, thus forming materials having merely polycyclic aromatic structures and high condensation rate. The biochar obtained at 600 and 700 °C proved having properties typical for microporous adsorbents, suitable for selective adsorption purposes. Based on the latest observations, another biochar application was proposed—as a catalyst. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:06:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a55ceac9e374645af1d56e8684d9c0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:06:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a55ceac9e374645af1d56e8684d9c0f2023-11-18T11:51:06ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-06-012812484210.3390/molecules28124842Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass ResidueIliyana Naydenova0Temenuzhka Radoykova1Tsvetelina Petrova2Ognyan Sandov3Ivo Valchev4Department of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Technical College-Sofia, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Pulp, Paper and Printing Arts, Faculty of Chemical Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Technical College-Sofia, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Technical College-Sofia, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Pulp, Paper and Printing Arts, Faculty of Chemical Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaThe present study aimed at utilizing technically hydrolyzed lignin (THL), industrial biomass residue, derived in high-temperature diluted sulfuric acid hydrolysis of softwood and hardwood chips to sugars. The THL was carbonized in a horizontal tube furnace at atmospheric pressure, in inert atmosphere and at three different temperatures (500, 600, and 700 °C). Biochar chemical composition was investigated along with its HHV, thermal stability (thermogravimetric analysis), and textural properties. Surface area and pore volume were measured with nitrogen physisorption analysis often named upon Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Increasing the carbonization temperature reduced volatile organic compounds (40 ÷ 96 wt. %), increased fixed carbon (2.11 to 3.68 times the wt. % of fixed carbon in THL), ash, and C-content. Moreover, H and O were reduced, while N- and S-content were below the detection limit. This suggested biochar application as solid biofuel. The biochar Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed that the functional groups were gradually lost, thus forming materials having merely polycyclic aromatic structures and high condensation rate. The biochar obtained at 600 and 700 °C proved having properties typical for microporous adsorbents, suitable for selective adsorption purposes. Based on the latest observations, another biochar application was proposed—as a catalyst.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4842technically hydrolyzed lignincarbonizationbiochar characterization |
| spellingShingle | Iliyana Naydenova Temenuzhka Radoykova Tsvetelina Petrova Ognyan Sandov Ivo Valchev Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue Molecules technically hydrolyzed lignin carbonization biochar characterization |
| title | Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue |
| title_full | Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue |
| title_fullStr | Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue |
| title_short | Utilization Perspectives of Lignin Biochar from Industrial Biomass Residue |
| title_sort | utilization perspectives of lignin biochar from industrial biomass residue |
| topic | technically hydrolyzed lignin carbonization biochar characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4842 |
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