| Summary: | To understand the mechanism of lactic acid bacteria against <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> infection; we examined how lactic acid bacteria regulated the intestinal microbiota to resist infection by pathogenic bacteria. The probiotic strain <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> S5 was used to construct an animal model of <i>S. enteritidis</i> infected broilers. A high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the regulatory effects of <i>L. reuteri</i> S5 on the structure of the intestinal microbiota of broilers infected with <i>S. enteritidis</i>; and to examine the possible defense mechanism they used. Our results showed that the administration of <i>L. reuteri</i> S5 reduced colonization of <i>S. enteritidis</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), decreased intestinal permeability (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and reduced the bacterial displacement likely due by <i>S. enteritidis</i> colonization (<i>p</i> < 0.05), suggesting some enhancement of the intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, <i>L. reuteri</i> S5 increased the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the chicken cecal microflora and the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and decreased the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae. These results suggest that the lactic acid bacterium <i>L. reuteri</i> S5 protected the intestinal microbiota of chickens against <i>S. enteritidis</i> infection.
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