Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation
Surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis syndrome (AFP) in children under 15 is the backbone of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Laboratory examination of stool samples from AFP cases allows the detection of, along with polioviruses, a variety of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV). The etiologic...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/1/112 |
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| author | Olga E. Ivanova Armen K. Shakaryan Nadezhda S. Morozova Yulia A. Vakulenko Tatyana P. Eremeeva Liubov I. Kozlovskaya Olga Y. Baykova Elena Y. Shustova Yulia M. Mikhailova Natalia I. Romanenkova Nadezhda R. Rozaeva Natela I. Dzhaparidze Nadezhda A. Novikova Vladimir V. Zverev Lyudmila N. Golitsyna Alexander N. Lukashev |
| author_facet | Olga E. Ivanova Armen K. Shakaryan Nadezhda S. Morozova Yulia A. Vakulenko Tatyana P. Eremeeva Liubov I. Kozlovskaya Olga Y. Baykova Elena Y. Shustova Yulia M. Mikhailova Natalia I. Romanenkova Nadezhda R. Rozaeva Natela I. Dzhaparidze Nadezhda A. Novikova Vladimir V. Zverev Lyudmila N. Golitsyna Alexander N. Lukashev |
| author_sort | Olga E. Ivanova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis syndrome (AFP) in children under 15 is the backbone of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Laboratory examination of stool samples from AFP cases allows the detection of, along with polioviruses, a variety of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV). The etiological significance of these viruses in the occurrence of AFP cases has been definitively established only for enteroviruses A71 and D68. Enterovirus Coxsackie A2 (CVA2) is most often associated with vesicular pharyngitis and hand, foot and mouth disease. Among 7280 AFP cases registered in Russia over 20 years (2001–2020), CVA2 was isolated only from five cases. However, these included three children aged 3 to 4 years, without overt immune deficiency, immunized with 4–5 doses of poliovirus vaccine in accordance with the National Vaccination Schedule. The disease resulted in persistent residual paralysis. Clinical and laboratory data corresponded to poliomyelitis developing during poliovirus infection. These findings are compatible with CVA2 being the cause of AFP. Molecular analysis of CVA2 from these patients and a number of AFP cases in other countries did not reveal association with a specific phylogenetic group, suggesting that virus genetics is unlikely to explain the pathogenic profile. The overall results highlight the value of AFP surveillance not just for polio control but for studies of uncommon AFP agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a6b79da45104de997b8fcdd162434df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a6b79da45104de997b8fcdd162434df2023-11-23T14:47:31ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-01-0110111210.3390/microorganisms10010112Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian FederationOlga E. Ivanova0Armen K. Shakaryan1Nadezhda S. Morozova2Yulia A. Vakulenko3Tatyana P. Eremeeva4Liubov I. Kozlovskaya5Olga Y. Baykova6Elena Y. Shustova7Yulia M. Mikhailova8Natalia I. Romanenkova9Nadezhda R. Rozaeva10Natela I. Dzhaparidze11Nadezhda A. Novikova12Vladimir V. Zverev13Lyudmila N. Golitsyna14Alexander N. Lukashev15Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution “Chumakov Federal Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Institute of Poliomyelitis) (FSASI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”), 108819 Moscow, RussiaFederal State Autonomous Scientific Institution “Chumakov Federal Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Institute of Poliomyelitis) (FSASI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”), 108819 Moscow, RussiaFederal Budget Institution of Healthcare of Rospotrebnadzor “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow”, 129626 Moscow, RussiaMartsinovsky Institute of Meidcal Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, RussiaFederal State Autonomous Scientific Institution “Chumakov Federal Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Institute of Poliomyelitis) (FSASI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”), 108819 Moscow, RussiaFederal State Autonomous Scientific Institution “Chumakov Federal Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Institute of Poliomyelitis) (FSASI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”), 108819 Moscow, RussiaFederal State Autonomous Scientific Institution “Chumakov Federal Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Institute of Poliomyelitis) (FSASI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”), 108819 Moscow, RussiaFederal State Autonomous Scientific Institution “Chumakov Federal Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Institute of Poliomyelitis) (FSASI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”), 108819 Moscow, RussiaFederal Budget Institution of Healthcare of Rospotrebnadzor “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow”, 129626 Moscow, RussiaSaint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, RussiaSaint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, RussiaFederal Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of Rospotrebnadzor “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Vladimir Region”, 600005 Vladimir, RussiaAcademician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaAcademician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaAcademician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaMartsinovsky Institute of Meidcal Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, RussiaSurveillance for acute flaccid paralysis syndrome (AFP) in children under 15 is the backbone of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Laboratory examination of stool samples from AFP cases allows the detection of, along with polioviruses, a variety of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV). The etiological significance of these viruses in the occurrence of AFP cases has been definitively established only for enteroviruses A71 and D68. Enterovirus Coxsackie A2 (CVA2) is most often associated with vesicular pharyngitis and hand, foot and mouth disease. Among 7280 AFP cases registered in Russia over 20 years (2001–2020), CVA2 was isolated only from five cases. However, these included three children aged 3 to 4 years, without overt immune deficiency, immunized with 4–5 doses of poliovirus vaccine in accordance with the National Vaccination Schedule. The disease resulted in persistent residual paralysis. Clinical and laboratory data corresponded to poliomyelitis developing during poliovirus infection. These findings are compatible with CVA2 being the cause of AFP. Molecular analysis of CVA2 from these patients and a number of AFP cases in other countries did not reveal association with a specific phylogenetic group, suggesting that virus genetics is unlikely to explain the pathogenic profile. The overall results highlight the value of AFP surveillance not just for polio control but for studies of uncommon AFP agents.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/1/112acute flaccid paralysis (AFP)coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2)poliomyelitispoliovirusesnon-polio enterovirusesepidemiological surveillance |
| spellingShingle | Olga E. Ivanova Armen K. Shakaryan Nadezhda S. Morozova Yulia A. Vakulenko Tatyana P. Eremeeva Liubov I. Kozlovskaya Olga Y. Baykova Elena Y. Shustova Yulia M. Mikhailova Natalia I. Romanenkova Nadezhda R. Rozaeva Natela I. Dzhaparidze Nadezhda A. Novikova Vladimir V. Zverev Lyudmila N. Golitsyna Alexander N. Lukashev Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation Microorganisms acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2) poliomyelitis polioviruses non-polio enteroviruses epidemiological surveillance |
| title | Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation |
| title_full | Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation |
| title_fullStr | Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation |
| title_short | Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Coxsackievirus A2: Findings of a 20-Year Surveillance in the Russian Federation |
| title_sort | cases of acute flaccid paralysis associated with coxsackievirus a2 findings of a 20 year surveillance in the russian federation |
| topic | acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2) poliomyelitis polioviruses non-polio enteroviruses epidemiological surveillance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/1/112 |
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