COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination
In the frame of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, recent reports on SARS-CoV-2 potential neuroinvasion placed neurologists on increased alertness in order to assess early neurological manifestations and their potentially prognostic value for the COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the manage...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/6/345 |
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| author | Marina Kleopatra Boziki Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis Maria Shumilina Gleb Makshakov Evgeniy Evdoshenko Nikolaos Grigoriadis |
| author_facet | Marina Kleopatra Boziki Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis Maria Shumilina Gleb Makshakov Evgeniy Evdoshenko Nikolaos Grigoriadis |
| author_sort | Marina Kleopatra Boziki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the frame of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, recent reports on SARS-CoV-2 potential neuroinvasion placed neurologists on increased alertness in order to assess early neurological manifestations and their potentially prognostic value for the COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the management of chronic neurological diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS), underwent guided modifications, such as an Extended Interval Dose (EID) of Disease-Modifying Treatment (DMT) administration, in order to minimize patients’ exposure to the health system, thus reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we summarize existing evidence of key immune pathways that the SARS-CoV-2 modifies during COVID-19 and the relevant implication for MS and other autoimmune diseases with associated demyelination (such as Systemic lupus erythematosus and Antiphospholipid syndrome), including the context of potential neuroinvasion by SARS-Cov-2 and the alterations that DMT induces to the immune system. Moreover we hereby aim to provide an overview of the possible consequences that COVID-19 may carry for the Central Nervous System (CNS) in People with MS (PwMS) and other demyelinating diseases, which are likely to pose challenges for treating Neurologists with respect to the long-term disease management of these diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:22:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a732d13845e4ed19882bfdb7eb340b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:22:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a732d13845e4ed19882bfdb7eb340b52023-11-20T02:48:00ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252020-06-0110634510.3390/brainsci10060345COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated DemyelinationMarina Kleopatra Boziki0Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis1Maria Shumilina2Gleb Makshakov3Evgeniy Evdoshenko4Nikolaos Grigoriadis52nd Neurological University Department, AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54634 Thessaloniki, GreecePublic Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, GreeceSPb Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Dinamo pr 11, St. Petersburg 197110, RussiaSPb Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Dinamo pr 11, St. Petersburg 197110, RussiaSPb Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Dinamo pr 11, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia2nd Neurological University Department, AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54634 Thessaloniki, GreeceIn the frame of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, recent reports on SARS-CoV-2 potential neuroinvasion placed neurologists on increased alertness in order to assess early neurological manifestations and their potentially prognostic value for the COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the management of chronic neurological diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS), underwent guided modifications, such as an Extended Interval Dose (EID) of Disease-Modifying Treatment (DMT) administration, in order to minimize patients’ exposure to the health system, thus reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we summarize existing evidence of key immune pathways that the SARS-CoV-2 modifies during COVID-19 and the relevant implication for MS and other autoimmune diseases with associated demyelination (such as Systemic lupus erythematosus and Antiphospholipid syndrome), including the context of potential neuroinvasion by SARS-Cov-2 and the alterations that DMT induces to the immune system. Moreover we hereby aim to provide an overview of the possible consequences that COVID-19 may carry for the Central Nervous System (CNS) in People with MS (PwMS) and other demyelinating diseases, which are likely to pose challenges for treating Neurologists with respect to the long-term disease management of these diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/6/345SARS-CoV-2COVID-19multiple sclerosisdisease-modifying treatmentsystemic lupus erythematosusantiphospholipid syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Marina Kleopatra Boziki Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis Maria Shumilina Gleb Makshakov Evgeniy Evdoshenko Nikolaos Grigoriadis COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination Brain Sciences SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 multiple sclerosis disease-modifying treatment systemic lupus erythematosus antiphospholipid syndrome |
| title | COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination |
| title_full | COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination |
| title_short | COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination |
| title_sort | covid 19 immunopathology and the central nervous system implication for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases with associated demyelination |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 multiple sclerosis disease-modifying treatment systemic lupus erythematosus antiphospholipid syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/6/345 |
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