Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern
This review of human and cat rabies from 1986 to 2022 has shown mostly AgV3 variant in human cases with 29/45 (64.4%) reports including 23 from bats, four from cats, and two from unknown species, followed by 8/45 (17.8%) of AgV2 variant (all from dogs), 4/45 from marmoset variant (all from Callithri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1210203/full |
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| author | Jonathan Santos de Lima Enio Mori Louise Bach Kmetiuk Leandro Meneguelli Biondo Paulo Eduardo Brandão Alexander Welker Biondo Paulo César Maiorka |
| author_facet | Jonathan Santos de Lima Enio Mori Louise Bach Kmetiuk Leandro Meneguelli Biondo Paulo Eduardo Brandão Alexander Welker Biondo Paulo César Maiorka |
| author_sort | Jonathan Santos de Lima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review of human and cat rabies from 1986 to 2022 has shown mostly AgV3 variant in human cases with 29/45 (64.4%) reports including 23 from bats, four from cats, and two from unknown species, followed by 8/45 (17.8%) of AgV2 variant (all from dogs), 4/45 from marmoset variant (all from Callithrix jacchus), 2/45 samples compatible with wild canid variant (both from Cerdocyon thous), and one/45 of AgV1 variant from a domestic dog. Only one sample of human rabies was not typified, related to bat aggression. In addition, surveillance conducted in the state of São Paulo confirmed the presence of rabies in 7/23,839 cats (0.031%) and 3/106,637 dogs (0.003%) between 2003 and 2013, with a 10:1 overall cat-to-dog positivity ratio. This 10-fold higher infection rate for cat rabies may be explained by cats’ hunting habits and predation. In addition, after 28 years of rabies-free status, a new cat rabies case was reported in the city of São Paulo in 2011. The rabid cat lived, along with other pets, in a household located near the largest downtown city park, whose owners presented animal hoarding behavior. Thus, animal hoarders and rescuers, public health agents, animal health professionals, and the general population with contact need to be aware of the risk of bat-borne rabies followed by spillover from cats to humans. In conclusion, cat rabies cases are becoming increasingly important in Brazil. This poses a One Health concern, given the overlapping of human, bat and cat populations within the same predisposed environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:02:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a78c77d72824cdc8bbc32d33e15d790 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:02:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a78c77d72824cdc8bbc32d33e15d7902023-07-19T08:19:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652023-07-011110.3389/fpubh.2023.12102031210203Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concernJonathan Santos de Lima0Enio Mori1Louise Bach Kmetiuk2Leandro Meneguelli Biondo3Paulo Eduardo Brandão4Alexander Welker Biondo5Paulo César Maiorka6Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilPasteur Institute, São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BrazilNational Institute of the Atlantic Forest (INMA), Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilThis review of human and cat rabies from 1986 to 2022 has shown mostly AgV3 variant in human cases with 29/45 (64.4%) reports including 23 from bats, four from cats, and two from unknown species, followed by 8/45 (17.8%) of AgV2 variant (all from dogs), 4/45 from marmoset variant (all from Callithrix jacchus), 2/45 samples compatible with wild canid variant (both from Cerdocyon thous), and one/45 of AgV1 variant from a domestic dog. Only one sample of human rabies was not typified, related to bat aggression. In addition, surveillance conducted in the state of São Paulo confirmed the presence of rabies in 7/23,839 cats (0.031%) and 3/106,637 dogs (0.003%) between 2003 and 2013, with a 10:1 overall cat-to-dog positivity ratio. This 10-fold higher infection rate for cat rabies may be explained by cats’ hunting habits and predation. In addition, after 28 years of rabies-free status, a new cat rabies case was reported in the city of São Paulo in 2011. The rabid cat lived, along with other pets, in a household located near the largest downtown city park, whose owners presented animal hoarding behavior. Thus, animal hoarders and rescuers, public health agents, animal health professionals, and the general population with contact need to be aware of the risk of bat-borne rabies followed by spillover from cats to humans. In conclusion, cat rabies cases are becoming increasingly important in Brazil. This poses a One Health concern, given the overlapping of human, bat and cat populations within the same predisposed environment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1210203/fullneglected tropical diseasesrabies controlrabies surveillancespilloverzoonosis |
| spellingShingle | Jonathan Santos de Lima Enio Mori Louise Bach Kmetiuk Leandro Meneguelli Biondo Paulo Eduardo Brandão Alexander Welker Biondo Paulo César Maiorka Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern Frontiers in Public Health neglected tropical diseases rabies control rabies surveillance spillover zoonosis |
| title | Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern |
| title_full | Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern |
| title_fullStr | Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern |
| title_short | Cat rabies in Brazil: a growing One Health concern |
| title_sort | cat rabies in brazil a growing one health concern |
| topic | neglected tropical diseases rabies control rabies surveillance spillover zoonosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1210203/full |
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