Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs
Although it has been about 30 years since the discovery of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in mammalian cells, these subtypes of RNAs’ capabilities have come into focus in recent years. The unique structure and various functional roles of circRNAs in many cellular processes have aroused researchers’ intere...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.679446/full |
| _version_ | 1818600993058717696 |
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| author | Liora Yesharim Marzieh Mojbafan Marzieh Mojbafan Maryam Abiri Maryam Abiri |
| author_facet | Liora Yesharim Marzieh Mojbafan Marzieh Mojbafan Maryam Abiri Maryam Abiri |
| author_sort | Liora Yesharim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although it has been about 30 years since the discovery of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in mammalian cells, these subtypes of RNAs’ capabilities have come into focus in recent years. The unique structure and various functional roles of circRNAs in many cellular processes have aroused researchers’ interest and raised many questions about whether circRNAs can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. To answer these questions, we will illustrate the main known functions and regulatory roles of circRNAs in the cell after presenting a brief history of the discovery of circRNAs and the main proposed theories of the biogenesis of circRNAs. Afterward, the practical application of circRNAs as biomarkers of different pathophysiological conditions will be discussed, mentioning some examples and challenges in this area. We also consider one of the main questions that human beings have always been faced, “the origin of life,” and its possible connection to circRNAs. Finally, focusing on the various capabilities of circRNAs, we discuss their potential therapeutic applications considering the immunity response toward exogenous circRNAs. However, there are still disputes about the exact immune system reaction, which we will discuss in detail. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:44:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7a875bac7a724a888412d4a4a048cacf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:44:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7a875bac7a724a888412d4a4a048cacf2022-12-21T22:31:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212021-06-011210.3389/fgene.2021.679446679446Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAsLiora Yesharim0Marzieh Mojbafan1Marzieh Mojbafan2Maryam Abiri3Maryam Abiri4Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Genetics, Ali-Asghar Children’s Hospital, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranShahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAlthough it has been about 30 years since the discovery of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in mammalian cells, these subtypes of RNAs’ capabilities have come into focus in recent years. The unique structure and various functional roles of circRNAs in many cellular processes have aroused researchers’ interest and raised many questions about whether circRNAs can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. To answer these questions, we will illustrate the main known functions and regulatory roles of circRNAs in the cell after presenting a brief history of the discovery of circRNAs and the main proposed theories of the biogenesis of circRNAs. Afterward, the practical application of circRNAs as biomarkers of different pathophysiological conditions will be discussed, mentioning some examples and challenges in this area. We also consider one of the main questions that human beings have always been faced, “the origin of life,” and its possible connection to circRNAs. Finally, focusing on the various capabilities of circRNAs, we discuss their potential therapeutic applications considering the immunity response toward exogenous circRNAs. However, there are still disputes about the exact immune system reaction, which we will discuss in detail.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.679446/fullcircRNAbiomarkerbiological functionmolecular therapyprotein-codingimmunity response |
| spellingShingle | Liora Yesharim Marzieh Mojbafan Marzieh Mojbafan Maryam Abiri Maryam Abiri Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs Frontiers in Genetics circRNA biomarker biological function molecular therapy protein-coding immunity response |
| title | Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs |
| title_full | Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs |
| title_fullStr | Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs |
| title_short | Hints From the Cellular Functions to the Practical Outlook of Circular RNAs |
| title_sort | hints from the cellular functions to the practical outlook of circular rnas |
| topic | circRNA biomarker biological function molecular therapy protein-coding immunity response |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.679446/full |
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