Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes
Motivation is associated with cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) outcomes. We examined the factor structure of a motivation measure, and if motivation factors were differentially associated with CBT outcomes for children with anxiety. The sample comprised 179 children aged 8–15 years (M age = 11.5...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Psychiatry Research Communications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598723000417 |
| _version_ | 1797397487611281408 |
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| author | Krister W. Fjermestad Sofie F. Arnevåg Lars-Göran Öst Arne Kodal Jon F. Bjaastad Einar Heiervang Gro Janne Wergeland |
| author_facet | Krister W. Fjermestad Sofie F. Arnevåg Lars-Göran Öst Arne Kodal Jon F. Bjaastad Einar Heiervang Gro Janne Wergeland |
| author_sort | Krister W. Fjermestad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Motivation is associated with cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) outcomes. We examined the factor structure of a motivation measure, and if motivation factors were differentially associated with CBT outcomes for children with anxiety. The sample comprised 179 children aged 8–15 years (M age = 11.5 years, SD = 2.1; 53.0% girls) with anxiety disorders who received CBT in a randomized controlled community clinic trial. Participants completed the Nijmegen Motivation List – child version (NML-C) at treatment onset. Outcomes were diagnostic recovery, anxiety/depression symptom and clinical severity change from pre-treatment to post-treatment, one-, and 3.9-years follow-up, and treatment dropout. Principal component analysis showed that the NML-C comprised two factors, preparedness (beliefs that CBT is useful and willingness to engage in treatment; 36.4% explained variance) and distress (discomfort from symptoms and perceived urgency to be helped; 12.7% explained variance). Higher preparedness predicted larger clinical severity reduction at post-treatment, alongside pre-treatment clinical severity. Higher distress predicted larger depression reduction at one-year follow-up, alongside pre-treatment depression. Higher preparedness predicted lower dropout. In conclusion, the NML-C comprises two factors that are differentially associated with CBT outcomes, but not above the effects of pre-treatment symptoms. Clinicians' focus on children's distress and preparedness could enhance CBT outcomes and reduce dropout. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:11:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7aa9c9267947481089278161c113bfc6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-5987 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:11:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Psychiatry Research Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-7aa9c9267947481089278161c113bfc62023-12-11T04:17:44ZengElsevierPsychiatry Research Communications2772-59872023-12-0134100142Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomesKrister W. Fjermestad0Sofie F. Arnevåg1Lars-Göran Öst2Arne Kodal3Jon F. Bjaastad4Einar Heiervang5Gro Janne Wergeland6Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Corresponding author. Po box 1097, N-0373, Oslo, Norway.Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Molde Family Care Unit, The Norwegian Directorate for Children, Youth and Family Affairs (Bufdir), NorwayDepartment of Psychology, Stockholm University, SwedenDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, NorwayDivision of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, NorwayInnlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, NorwayDivision of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Åsane Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic, Bergen, NorwayMotivation is associated with cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) outcomes. We examined the factor structure of a motivation measure, and if motivation factors were differentially associated with CBT outcomes for children with anxiety. The sample comprised 179 children aged 8–15 years (M age = 11.5 years, SD = 2.1; 53.0% girls) with anxiety disorders who received CBT in a randomized controlled community clinic trial. Participants completed the Nijmegen Motivation List – child version (NML-C) at treatment onset. Outcomes were diagnostic recovery, anxiety/depression symptom and clinical severity change from pre-treatment to post-treatment, one-, and 3.9-years follow-up, and treatment dropout. Principal component analysis showed that the NML-C comprised two factors, preparedness (beliefs that CBT is useful and willingness to engage in treatment; 36.4% explained variance) and distress (discomfort from symptoms and perceived urgency to be helped; 12.7% explained variance). Higher preparedness predicted larger clinical severity reduction at post-treatment, alongside pre-treatment clinical severity. Higher distress predicted larger depression reduction at one-year follow-up, alongside pre-treatment depression. Higher preparedness predicted lower dropout. In conclusion, the NML-C comprises two factors that are differentially associated with CBT outcomes, but not above the effects of pre-treatment symptoms. Clinicians' focus on children's distress and preparedness could enhance CBT outcomes and reduce dropout.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598723000417ChildrenAdolescentsAnxietyCognitive behavioral therapyMotivation |
| spellingShingle | Krister W. Fjermestad Sofie F. Arnevåg Lars-Göran Öst Arne Kodal Jon F. Bjaastad Einar Heiervang Gro Janne Wergeland Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes Psychiatry Research Communications Children Adolescents Anxiety Cognitive behavioral therapy Motivation |
| title | Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes |
| title_full | Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes |
| title_fullStr | Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes |
| title_short | Treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment – Factor structure and associations with outcomes |
| title_sort | treatment motivation in child anxiety treatment factor structure and associations with outcomes |
| topic | Children Adolescents Anxiety Cognitive behavioral therapy Motivation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772598723000417 |
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