A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing
Wind power is a crucial direction for new energy transition technology in response to the challenges of global warming. However, the potential for collisions between the blades and the tower barrel remains a significant concern. To address this issue, a large number of sensors, such as lasers and ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/462 |
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| author | Jiayi Chen Bin Guo Yitong Jin Zhijian Bao Lijun Wang Siye Wang Guangli Yang Rui Wang Yong Luo |
| author_facet | Jiayi Chen Bin Guo Yitong Jin Zhijian Bao Lijun Wang Siye Wang Guangli Yang Rui Wang Yong Luo |
| author_sort | Jiayi Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wind power is a crucial direction for new energy transition technology in response to the challenges of global warming. However, the potential for collisions between the blades and the tower barrel remains a significant concern. To address this issue, a large number of sensors, such as lasers and cameras, are attached to the structure, but they struggle to operate in complex weather and at night. This paper presents a method of employing a 79 GHz FMCW (frequency-modulated continuous wave) mmWave (millimeter-wave) radar with circularly polarization on the top of the tower. During the design, two main considerations are raised: (1) Since the small-RCS (radar cross-section) blade experiences an oblique incidence from more than 70 m away, the channel SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) is low, so high-gain antennas and SIMO (single-input multiple-output) radar configurations are designed to increase the P<sub>t</sub> (transmitting power). (2) Wind turbines are often located in offshore or mountainous areas with a high level of weather interference, so a pair of circularly polarized antenna is used to reduce the interference of meteorological particles to the radar. Finally, test results from a practical wind turbine in different weather conditions prove its practicality. During tests, the wind turbine operates at a rotor speed of 6 to 12 rounds per minute, and the clearance range has an obvious inverse relationship with it, ranging from 6 to 12 m. This technology enhances safety, maximizes efficiency, and enables optimal length and weight determination during design for improved power generation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:58:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ab57e758fea47df90bc28b4801e3cba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:58:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ab57e758fea47df90bc28b4801e3cba2024-01-26T16:15:17ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922024-01-0113246210.3390/electronics13020462A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine SensingJiayi Chen0Bin Guo1Yitong Jin2Zhijian Bao3Lijun Wang4Siye Wang5Guangli Yang6Rui Wang7Yong Luo8School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaCGN Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200444, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaSuzhou Dufeng Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, ChinaSuzhou Dufeng Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, ChinaSuzhou Dufeng Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaWind power is a crucial direction for new energy transition technology in response to the challenges of global warming. However, the potential for collisions between the blades and the tower barrel remains a significant concern. To address this issue, a large number of sensors, such as lasers and cameras, are attached to the structure, but they struggle to operate in complex weather and at night. This paper presents a method of employing a 79 GHz FMCW (frequency-modulated continuous wave) mmWave (millimeter-wave) radar with circularly polarization on the top of the tower. During the design, two main considerations are raised: (1) Since the small-RCS (radar cross-section) blade experiences an oblique incidence from more than 70 m away, the channel SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) is low, so high-gain antennas and SIMO (single-input multiple-output) radar configurations are designed to increase the P<sub>t</sub> (transmitting power). (2) Wind turbines are often located in offshore or mountainous areas with a high level of weather interference, so a pair of circularly polarized antenna is used to reduce the interference of meteorological particles to the radar. Finally, test results from a practical wind turbine in different weather conditions prove its practicality. During tests, the wind turbine operates at a rotor speed of 6 to 12 rounds per minute, and the clearance range has an obvious inverse relationship with it, ranging from 6 to 12 m. This technology enhances safety, maximizes efficiency, and enables optimal length and weight determination during design for improved power generation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/462wind turbineblade clearancecircularly polarizedmillimeter-wave (mmWave)radar sensor |
| spellingShingle | Jiayi Chen Bin Guo Yitong Jin Zhijian Bao Lijun Wang Siye Wang Guangli Yang Rui Wang Yong Luo A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing Electronics wind turbine blade clearance circularly polarized millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar sensor |
| title | A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing |
| title_full | A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing |
| title_fullStr | A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing |
| title_short | A Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Radar for Wind Turbine Sensing |
| title_sort | circularly polarized millimeter wave radar for wind turbine sensing |
| topic | wind turbine blade clearance circularly polarized millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar sensor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/462 |
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