Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma
Zinc oxide nanomaterial is a potential material in the field of cancer therapy. In this study, zinc oxide nanospheres (ZnO-NS) were synthesized by Sol-gel method using yeast extract as a non-toxic bio-template and investigated their physicochemical properties through various techniques such as FTIR,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.933750/full |
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| author | Amr Hassan Fawziah A. Al-Salmi Tamer M. M. Abuamara Emadeldin R. Matar Mohamed E. Amer Ebrahim M. M. Fayed Mohamed G. A. Hablas Tahseen S. Mohammed Haytham E. Ali Fayez M. Abd EL-fattah Wagih M. Abd Elhay Mohammad A. Zoair Aly F. Mohamed Eman M. Sharaf Eldessoky S. Dessoky Fahad Alharthi Hussam Awwadh E. Althagafi Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud |
| author_facet | Amr Hassan Fawziah A. Al-Salmi Tamer M. M. Abuamara Emadeldin R. Matar Mohamed E. Amer Ebrahim M. M. Fayed Mohamed G. A. Hablas Tahseen S. Mohammed Haytham E. Ali Fayez M. Abd EL-fattah Wagih M. Abd Elhay Mohammad A. Zoair Aly F. Mohamed Eman M. Sharaf Eldessoky S. Dessoky Fahad Alharthi Hussam Awwadh E. Althagafi Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud |
| author_sort | Amr Hassan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zinc oxide nanomaterial is a potential material in the field of cancer therapy. In this study, zinc oxide nanospheres (ZnO-NS) were synthesized by Sol-gel method using yeast extract as a non-toxic bio-template and investigated their physicochemical properties through various techniques such as FTIR, XR, DLS, and TEM. Furthermore, free zinc ions released from the zinc oxide nanosphere suspended medium were evaluated by using the ICP-AS technique. Therefore, the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanospheres and released Zn ions on both HuH7 and Vero cells was studied using the MTT assay. The data demonstrated that the effectiveness of ZnO nanospheres on HuH7 was better than free Zn ions. Similarly, ZnO-Ns were significantly more toxic to HuH7 cell lines than Vero cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The cell cycle of ZnO-Ns against Huh7 and Vero cell lines was arrested at G2/M. Also, the apoptosis assay using Annexin-V/PI showed that apoptosis of HuH7 and Vero cell lines by ZnO nanospheres was concentration and time-dependent. Caspase 3 assay results showed that the apoptosis mechanism may be intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. The mechanism of apoptosis was determined by applying the RT-PCR technique. The results revealed significantly up-regulated Bax, P53, and Cytochrome C, while the Bcl2 results displayed significant down-regulation and the western blot data confirmed the RT-PCR data. There is oxidative stress of the ZnO nanospheres and free Zn+2 ions. Results indicated that the ZnO nanospheres and free Zn+2 ions induced oxidative stress through increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. The morphology of the HuH7 cell line after exposure to ZnO nanospheres at different time intervals revealed the presence of the chromatin condensation of the nuclear periphery fragmentation. Interestingly, the appearance of canonical ultrastructure features of apoptotic morphology of Huh7, Furthermore, many vacuoles existed in the cytoplasm, the majority of which were lipid droplets, which were like foamy cells. Also, there are vesicles intact with membranes that are recognized as swollen mitochondria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:42:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7abf4145eca343e3a5680c306dca91eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:42:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7abf4145eca343e3a5680c306dca91eb2022-12-22T03:41:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2022-10-011210.3389/fonc.2022.933750933750Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against HepatomaAmr Hassan0Fawziah A. Al-Salmi1Tamer M. M. Abuamara2Emadeldin R. Matar3Mohamed E. Amer4Ebrahim M. M. Fayed5Mohamed G. A. Hablas6Tahseen S. Mohammed7Haytham E. Ali8Fayez M. Abd EL-fattah9Wagih M. Abd Elhay10Mohammad A. Zoair11Aly F. Mohamed12Eman M. Sharaf13Eldessoky S. Dessoky14Fahad Alharthi15Hussam Awwadh E. Althagafi16Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud17Department of Bioinformatics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, EgyptBiology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartments of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptResearch and development department, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines [Holding Company for Vaccine and Sera Production (VACSERA)], Giza, EgyptDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Shebin El Kom, EgyptBiology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaBiology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia0Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al-Baha University, Al-Mikhwah, Saudi Arabia1Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, EgyptZinc oxide nanomaterial is a potential material in the field of cancer therapy. In this study, zinc oxide nanospheres (ZnO-NS) were synthesized by Sol-gel method using yeast extract as a non-toxic bio-template and investigated their physicochemical properties through various techniques such as FTIR, XR, DLS, and TEM. Furthermore, free zinc ions released from the zinc oxide nanosphere suspended medium were evaluated by using the ICP-AS technique. Therefore, the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanospheres and released Zn ions on both HuH7 and Vero cells was studied using the MTT assay. The data demonstrated that the effectiveness of ZnO nanospheres on HuH7 was better than free Zn ions. Similarly, ZnO-Ns were significantly more toxic to HuH7 cell lines than Vero cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The cell cycle of ZnO-Ns against Huh7 and Vero cell lines was arrested at G2/M. Also, the apoptosis assay using Annexin-V/PI showed that apoptosis of HuH7 and Vero cell lines by ZnO nanospheres was concentration and time-dependent. Caspase 3 assay results showed that the apoptosis mechanism may be intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. The mechanism of apoptosis was determined by applying the RT-PCR technique. The results revealed significantly up-regulated Bax, P53, and Cytochrome C, while the Bcl2 results displayed significant down-regulation and the western blot data confirmed the RT-PCR data. There is oxidative stress of the ZnO nanospheres and free Zn+2 ions. Results indicated that the ZnO nanospheres and free Zn+2 ions induced oxidative stress through increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. The morphology of the HuH7 cell line after exposure to ZnO nanospheres at different time intervals revealed the presence of the chromatin condensation of the nuclear periphery fragmentation. Interestingly, the appearance of canonical ultrastructure features of apoptotic morphology of Huh7, Furthermore, many vacuoles existed in the cytoplasm, the majority of which were lipid droplets, which were like foamy cells. Also, there are vesicles intact with membranes that are recognized as swollen mitochondria.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.933750/fullzinc oxide nanospherereactive oxygen speciesZn+2 ionG2/M transitionapoptotic morphologyP53 |
| spellingShingle | Amr Hassan Fawziah A. Al-Salmi Tamer M. M. Abuamara Emadeldin R. Matar Mohamed E. Amer Ebrahim M. M. Fayed Mohamed G. A. Hablas Tahseen S. Mohammed Haytham E. Ali Fayez M. Abd EL-fattah Wagih M. Abd Elhay Mohammad A. Zoair Aly F. Mohamed Eman M. Sharaf Eldessoky S. Dessoky Fahad Alharthi Hussam Awwadh E. Althagafi Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma Frontiers in Oncology zinc oxide nanosphere reactive oxygen species Zn+2 ion G2/M transition apoptotic morphology P53 |
| title | Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma |
| title_full | Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma |
| title_fullStr | Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma |
| title_short | Ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti-tumor efficacy against Hepatoma |
| title_sort | ultrastructural analysis of zinc oxide nanospheres enhances anti tumor efficacy against hepatoma |
| topic | zinc oxide nanosphere reactive oxygen species Zn+2 ion G2/M transition apoptotic morphology P53 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.933750/full |
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