Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major economic problem in commercial chicken farms with acute multiple-system infection, especially in respiratory and urogenital systems. A live-attenuated and killed vaccine is currently immunized to control IBV infection; however, repeated outbreaks occur in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/3/47 |
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| author | Md. Safiul Alam Bhuiyan Zarina Amin Ag Muhammad Sagaf Abu Bakar Suryani Saallah Noor Hydayaty Md. Yusuf Sharifudin Md. Shaarani Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee |
| author_facet | Md. Safiul Alam Bhuiyan Zarina Amin Ag Muhammad Sagaf Abu Bakar Suryani Saallah Noor Hydayaty Md. Yusuf Sharifudin Md. Shaarani Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee |
| author_sort | Md. Safiul Alam Bhuiyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major economic problem in commercial chicken farms with acute multiple-system infection, especially in respiratory and urogenital systems. A live-attenuated and killed vaccine is currently immunized to control IBV infection; however, repeated outbreaks occur in both unvaccinated and vaccinated birds due to the choice of inadequate vaccine candidates and continuous emergence of novel infectious bronchitis (IB) variants and failure of vaccination. However, similar clinical signs were shown in different respiratory diseases that are essential to improving the diagnostic assay to detect IBV infections. Various risk factors involved in the failure of IB vaccination, such as various routes of application of vaccination, the interval between vaccinations, and challenge with various possible immunosuppression of birds are reviewed. The review article also highlights and updates factors affecting the diagnosis of IBV disease in the poultry industry with differential diagnosis to find the nature of infections compared with non-IBV diseases. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the common reasons for failed IBV vaccinations with preventive action, and proper diagnostic facilities for identifying the infective stage, leading to earlier control and reduced economic losses from IBV disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:12:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ad93b1e058c4d3187c3aeba6c741d9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:12:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ad93b1e058c4d3187c3aeba6c741d9b2023-11-21T10:38:13ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812021-03-01834710.3390/vetsci8030047Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in ChickensMd. Safiul Alam Bhuiyan0Zarina Amin1Ag Muhammad Sagaf Abu Bakar2Suryani Saallah3Noor Hydayaty Md. Yusuf4Sharifudin Md. Shaarani5Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee6Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jln UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jln UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaJabatan Perkhidmatan Veterinar Sabah, Makamal Diagnosa Veterinar Kota Kinabalu, Peti Surat No 59, Tanjung Aru 89457, Sabah, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jln UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jln UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaFood Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jln UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaInfectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major economic problem in commercial chicken farms with acute multiple-system infection, especially in respiratory and urogenital systems. A live-attenuated and killed vaccine is currently immunized to control IBV infection; however, repeated outbreaks occur in both unvaccinated and vaccinated birds due to the choice of inadequate vaccine candidates and continuous emergence of novel infectious bronchitis (IB) variants and failure of vaccination. However, similar clinical signs were shown in different respiratory diseases that are essential to improving the diagnostic assay to detect IBV infections. Various risk factors involved in the failure of IB vaccination, such as various routes of application of vaccination, the interval between vaccinations, and challenge with various possible immunosuppression of birds are reviewed. The review article also highlights and updates factors affecting the diagnosis of IBV disease in the poultry industry with differential diagnosis to find the nature of infections compared with non-IBV diseases. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the common reasons for failed IBV vaccinations with preventive action, and proper diagnostic facilities for identifying the infective stage, leading to earlier control and reduced economic losses from IBV disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/3/47vaccinationdiagnosiscross-reactions of serotypeschallenge and immunization |
| spellingShingle | Md. Safiul Alam Bhuiyan Zarina Amin Ag Muhammad Sagaf Abu Bakar Suryani Saallah Noor Hydayaty Md. Yusuf Sharifudin Md. Shaarani Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens Veterinary Sciences vaccination diagnosis cross-reactions of serotypes challenge and immunization |
| title | Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens |
| title_full | Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens |
| title_fullStr | Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens |
| title_short | Factor Influences for Diagnosis and Vaccination of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Gammacoronavirus) in Chickens |
| title_sort | factor influences for diagnosis and vaccination of avian infectious bronchitis virus gammacoronavirus in chickens |
| topic | vaccination diagnosis cross-reactions of serotypes challenge and immunization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/3/47 |
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