Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
The interaction between the human microbiome and immune system has an effect on several human metabolic functions and impacts our well-being. Additionally, the interaction between humans and microbes can also play a key role in determining the wellness or disease status of the human body. Dysbiosis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02868/full |
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| author | Muneer Ahmad Malla Anamika Dubey Ashwani Kumar Shweta Yadav Abeer Hashem Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah |
| author_facet | Muneer Ahmad Malla Anamika Dubey Ashwani Kumar Shweta Yadav Abeer Hashem Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah |
| author_sort | Muneer Ahmad Malla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interaction between the human microbiome and immune system has an effect on several human metabolic functions and impacts our well-being. Additionally, the interaction between humans and microbes can also play a key role in determining the wellness or disease status of the human body. Dysbiosis is related to a plethora of diseases, including skin, inflammatory, metabolic, and neurological disorders. A better understanding of the host-microbe interaction is essential for determining the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these ailments. The significance of the microbiome on host health has led to the emergence of new therapeutic approaches focused on the prescribed manipulation of the host microbiome, either by removing harmful taxa or reinstating missing beneficial taxa and the functional roles they perform. Culturing large numbers of microbial taxa in the laboratory is problematic at best, if not impossible. Consequently, this makes it very difficult to comprehensively catalog the individual members comprising a specific microbiome, as well as understanding how microbial communities function and influence host-pathogen interactions. Recent advances in sequencing technologies and computational tools have allowed an increasing number of metagenomic studies to be performed. These studies have provided key insights into the human microbiome and a host of other microbial communities in other environments. In the present review, the role of the microbiome as a therapeutic agent and its significance in human health and disease is discussed. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies for surveying host-microbe interactions are also discussed. Additionally, the correlation between the composition of the microbiome and infectious diseases as described in previously reported studies is covered as well. Lastly, recent advances in state-of-the-art bioinformatics software, workflows, and applications for analysing metagenomic data are summarized. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:44:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7adc8635c8cb4e61b1881b447502e808 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:44:19Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7adc8635c8cb4e61b1881b447502e8082022-12-22T01:41:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-01-01910.3389/fimmu.2018.02868412218Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentMuneer Ahmad Malla0Anamika Dubey1Ashwani Kumar2Shweta Yadav3Abeer Hashem4Abeer Hashem5Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah6Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, IndiaMetagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, IndiaMetagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, IndiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaMycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, EgyptDepartment of Plant Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaThe interaction between the human microbiome and immune system has an effect on several human metabolic functions and impacts our well-being. Additionally, the interaction between humans and microbes can also play a key role in determining the wellness or disease status of the human body. Dysbiosis is related to a plethora of diseases, including skin, inflammatory, metabolic, and neurological disorders. A better understanding of the host-microbe interaction is essential for determining the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these ailments. The significance of the microbiome on host health has led to the emergence of new therapeutic approaches focused on the prescribed manipulation of the host microbiome, either by removing harmful taxa or reinstating missing beneficial taxa and the functional roles they perform. Culturing large numbers of microbial taxa in the laboratory is problematic at best, if not impossible. Consequently, this makes it very difficult to comprehensively catalog the individual members comprising a specific microbiome, as well as understanding how microbial communities function and influence host-pathogen interactions. Recent advances in sequencing technologies and computational tools have allowed an increasing number of metagenomic studies to be performed. These studies have provided key insights into the human microbiome and a host of other microbial communities in other environments. In the present review, the role of the microbiome as a therapeutic agent and its significance in human health and disease is discussed. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies for surveying host-microbe interactions are also discussed. Additionally, the correlation between the composition of the microbiome and infectious diseases as described in previously reported studies is covered as well. Lastly, recent advances in state-of-the-art bioinformatics software, workflows, and applications for analysing metagenomic data are summarized.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02868/fullmicrobeshuman microbiomehost-microbe interactionsmetagenomicsnext generation sequencingbioinformatics |
| spellingShingle | Muneer Ahmad Malla Anamika Dubey Ashwani Kumar Shweta Yadav Abeer Hashem Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Frontiers in Immunology microbes human microbiome host-microbe interactions metagenomics next generation sequencing bioinformatics |
| title | Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_full | Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_short | Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_sort | exploring the human microbiome the potential future role of next generation sequencing in disease diagnosis and treatment |
| topic | microbes human microbiome host-microbe interactions metagenomics next generation sequencing bioinformatics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02868/full |
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