Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant
Respiratory distress is a significant contributor to newborn morbidity and mortality. An association between infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been well recognized for decades. As obesity and diabetes prevalence have increased over the past several decade...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/4/281 |
| _version_ | 1797538681710444544 |
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| author | Hilal Yildiz Atar John E. Baatz Rita M. Ryan |
| author_facet | Hilal Yildiz Atar John E. Baatz Rita M. Ryan |
| author_sort | Hilal Yildiz Atar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Respiratory distress is a significant contributor to newborn morbidity and mortality. An association between infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been well recognized for decades. As obesity and diabetes prevalence have increased over the past several decades, more women are overweight and diabetic in the first trimester, and many more pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Glycemic control during pregnancy can be challenging due to the maternal need for higher caloric intake and higher insulin resistance. Surfactant is a complex molecule at the alveolar air–liquid interface that reduces surface tension. Impaired surfactant synthesis is the primary etiology of RDS. In vitro cell line studies, in vivo animal studies with diabetic rat offspring, and clinical studies suggest hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia can disrupt surfactant lipid and protein synthesis, causing delayed maturation in surfactant in IDMs. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for surfactant dysfunction in IDMs may improve clinical strategies to prevent diabetes-related complications and improve neonatal outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:33:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7aee388bde3d408db5e4ab9e2e1eafdf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:33:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-7aee388bde3d408db5e4ab9e2e1eafdf2023-11-21T14:24:22ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672021-04-018428110.3390/children8040281Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal SurfactantHilal Yildiz Atar0John E. Baatz1Rita M. Ryan2Departments of Pediatrics (Neonatology), UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USADepartments of Pediatrics (Neonatology), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartments of Pediatrics (Neonatology), UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USARespiratory distress is a significant contributor to newborn morbidity and mortality. An association between infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been well recognized for decades. As obesity and diabetes prevalence have increased over the past several decades, more women are overweight and diabetic in the first trimester, and many more pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Glycemic control during pregnancy can be challenging due to the maternal need for higher caloric intake and higher insulin resistance. Surfactant is a complex molecule at the alveolar air–liquid interface that reduces surface tension. Impaired surfactant synthesis is the primary etiology of RDS. In vitro cell line studies, in vivo animal studies with diabetic rat offspring, and clinical studies suggest hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia can disrupt surfactant lipid and protein synthesis, causing delayed maturation in surfactant in IDMs. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for surfactant dysfunction in IDMs may improve clinical strategies to prevent diabetes-related complications and improve neonatal outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/4/281surfactant proteinsurfactant lipidsinfants of a diabetic motherrespiratory distress syndromelung developmenthyperglycemia |
| spellingShingle | Hilal Yildiz Atar John E. Baatz Rita M. Ryan Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant Children surfactant protein surfactant lipids infants of a diabetic mother respiratory distress syndrome lung development hyperglycemia |
| title | Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant |
| title_full | Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant |
| title_short | Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant |
| title_sort | molecular mechanisms of maternal diabetes effects on fetal and neonatal surfactant |
| topic | surfactant protein surfactant lipids infants of a diabetic mother respiratory distress syndrome lung development hyperglycemia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/4/281 |
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