φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation
This study introduces an innovative phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (φ-OTDR) technology based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and nonlinear frequency modulation (NLFM) pulse modulation sequences. The proposed approach addresses the inherent trade-offs among spa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11355 |
| _version_ | 1827721913999294464 |
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| author | Zhengyang Li Yangan Zhang Xueguang Yuan Zhenyu Xiao Yuan Zhang Yongqing Huang |
| author_facet | Zhengyang Li Yangan Zhang Xueguang Yuan Zhenyu Xiao Yuan Zhang Yongqing Huang |
| author_sort | Zhengyang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study introduces an innovative phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (φ-OTDR) technology based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and nonlinear frequency modulation (NLFM) pulse modulation sequences. The proposed approach addresses the inherent trade-offs among spatial resolution, frequency response range, and sensing distance that conventional φ-OTDR systems encounter. This method optimizes spatial resolution and sensing distance by modulating both the frequency and phase of optical pulses. Moreover, it enhances sidelobe suppression by adjusting the nonlinearity of frequency modulation, reducing interference between adjacent signals, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Additionally, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing expands the frequency response range. This paper elucidates the fundamental principles and implementation of OFDM-NLFM time-domain pulse modulation techniques and designs, experimentally validates a φ-OTDR system based on this method, and conducts comprehensive testing and analysis of the system’s performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed φ-OTDR system achieves an 11 m spatial resolution and a frequency response range of 1–10 kHz over a 16.3 km optical fiber, utilizing a 65 MHz frequency bandwidth with multiplexed signals across four frequencies. This innovative approach reduces hardware resource consumption, opening up promising prospects for various practical engineering applications in optical fiber sensing technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:28:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7af138fb4194420cb6a31555c2522da5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:28:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7af138fb4194420cb6a31555c2522da52023-11-19T15:31:05ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-10-0113201135510.3390/app132011355φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse ModulationZhengyang Li0Yangan Zhang1Xueguang Yuan2Zhenyu Xiao3Yuan Zhang4Yongqing Huang5School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaThis study introduces an innovative phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (φ-OTDR) technology based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and nonlinear frequency modulation (NLFM) pulse modulation sequences. The proposed approach addresses the inherent trade-offs among spatial resolution, frequency response range, and sensing distance that conventional φ-OTDR systems encounter. This method optimizes spatial resolution and sensing distance by modulating both the frequency and phase of optical pulses. Moreover, it enhances sidelobe suppression by adjusting the nonlinearity of frequency modulation, reducing interference between adjacent signals, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Additionally, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing expands the frequency response range. This paper elucidates the fundamental principles and implementation of OFDM-NLFM time-domain pulse modulation techniques and designs, experimentally validates a φ-OTDR system based on this method, and conducts comprehensive testing and analysis of the system’s performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed φ-OTDR system achieves an 11 m spatial resolution and a frequency response range of 1–10 kHz over a 16.3 km optical fiber, utilizing a 65 MHz frequency bandwidth with multiplexed signals across four frequencies. This innovative approach reduces hardware resource consumption, opening up promising prospects for various practical engineering applications in optical fiber sensing technology.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11355optical fiber sensingphase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometerorthogonal frequency-division multiplexingnonlinear frequency modulation |
| spellingShingle | Zhengyang Li Yangan Zhang Xueguang Yuan Zhenyu Xiao Yuan Zhang Yongqing Huang φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation Applied Sciences optical fiber sensing phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing nonlinear frequency modulation |
| title | φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation |
| title_full | φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation |
| title_fullStr | φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation |
| title_short | φ-OTDR Based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time Sequence Pulse Modulation |
| title_sort | φ otdr based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing time sequence pulse modulation |
| topic | optical fiber sensing phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing nonlinear frequency modulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11355 |
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