Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity
Infectious diseases are a burden for aquaculture. Antigen processing and presentation (APP) to the immune effector cells that fight pathogens is key in the adaptive immune response. At the core of the adaptive immunity that appeared in lower vertebrates during evolution are the variable genes encodi...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/4899 |
| _version_ | 1797504498250285056 |
|---|---|
| author | Carolina Johnstone Elena Chaves-Pozo |
| author_facet | Carolina Johnstone Elena Chaves-Pozo |
| author_sort | Carolina Johnstone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious diseases are a burden for aquaculture. Antigen processing and presentation (APP) to the immune effector cells that fight pathogens is key in the adaptive immune response. At the core of the adaptive immunity that appeared in lower vertebrates during evolution are the variable genes encoding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). MHC class I molecules mainly present peptides processed in the cytosol by the proteasome and transported to the cell surface of all cells through secretory compartments. Professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPC) also express MHC class II molecules, which normally present peptides processed from exogenous antigens through lysosomal pathways. Autophagy is an intracellular self-degradation process that is conserved in all eukaryotes and is induced by starvation to contribute to cellular homeostasis. Self-digestion during autophagy mainly occurs by the fusion of autophagosomes, which engulf portions of cytosol and fuse with lysosomes (macroautophagy) or assisted by chaperones (chaperone-mediated autophagy, CMA) that deliver proteins to lysosomes. Thus, during self-degradation, antigens can be processed to be presented by the MHC to immune effector cells, thus, linking autophagy to APP. This review is focused on the essential components of the APP that are conserved in teleost fish and the increasing evidence related to the modulation of APP and autophagy during pathogen infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:05:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7af86494ab014cf29be3413a7566ae1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:05:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7af86494ab014cf29be3413a7566ae1a2023-11-23T08:23:52ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-04-01239489910.3390/ijms23094899Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive ImmunityCarolina Johnstone0Elena Chaves-Pozo1Centro Oceanografico Malaga (COMA-IEO), CSIC, Puerto Pesquero s/n, Fuengirola, 29640 Malaga, SpainCentro Oceanografico Murcia (COMU-IEO), CSIC, Carretera de la Azohia s/n, Puerto de Mazarron, 30860 Murcia, SpainInfectious diseases are a burden for aquaculture. Antigen processing and presentation (APP) to the immune effector cells that fight pathogens is key in the adaptive immune response. At the core of the adaptive immunity that appeared in lower vertebrates during evolution are the variable genes encoding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). MHC class I molecules mainly present peptides processed in the cytosol by the proteasome and transported to the cell surface of all cells through secretory compartments. Professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPC) also express MHC class II molecules, which normally present peptides processed from exogenous antigens through lysosomal pathways. Autophagy is an intracellular self-degradation process that is conserved in all eukaryotes and is induced by starvation to contribute to cellular homeostasis. Self-digestion during autophagy mainly occurs by the fusion of autophagosomes, which engulf portions of cytosol and fuse with lysosomes (macroautophagy) or assisted by chaperones (chaperone-mediated autophagy, CMA) that deliver proteins to lysosomes. Thus, during self-degradation, antigens can be processed to be presented by the MHC to immune effector cells, thus, linking autophagy to APP. This review is focused on the essential components of the APP that are conserved in teleost fish and the increasing evidence related to the modulation of APP and autophagy during pathogen infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/4899antigen processingantigen-presenting cellbacteriachaperone-mediated autophagyLC3-Associated phagocytosismacroautophagy |
| spellingShingle | Carolina Johnstone Elena Chaves-Pozo Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity International Journal of Molecular Sciences antigen processing antigen-presenting cell bacteria chaperone-mediated autophagy LC3-Associated phagocytosis macroautophagy |
| title | Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity |
| title_full | Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity |
| title_fullStr | Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity |
| title_short | Antigen Presentation and Autophagy in Teleost Adaptive Immunity |
| title_sort | antigen presentation and autophagy in teleost adaptive immunity |
| topic | antigen processing antigen-presenting cell bacteria chaperone-mediated autophagy LC3-Associated phagocytosis macroautophagy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/4899 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT carolinajohnstone antigenpresentationandautophagyinteleostadaptiveimmunity AT elenachavespozo antigenpresentationandautophagyinteleostadaptiveimmunity |