Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results
<i>Background</i>: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can cause maternal and neonatal health problems, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. We assessed the screening of GDM during a 7-year period and compared the outcome of pregnancies at high risk for GDM. <i>Methods</i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/17/4953 |
| _version_ | 1797494863034318848 |
|---|---|
| author | Ele Hanson Inge Ringmets Anne Kirss Maris Laan Kristiina Rull |
| author_facet | Ele Hanson Inge Ringmets Anne Kirss Maris Laan Kristiina Rull |
| author_sort | Ele Hanson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background</i>: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can cause maternal and neonatal health problems, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. We assessed the screening of GDM during a 7-year period and compared the outcome of pregnancies at high risk for GDM. <i>Methods</i>: We analyzed non-selected pregnant women (<i>n</i> = 5021) receiving antenatal care in Tartu University Hospital, Estonia in 2012–2018. Pregnant women were classified based on the absence or presence of GDM risk factors as low risk (<i>n</i> = 2302) or high risk for GDM (<i>n</i> = 2719), respectively. The latter were divided into subgroups after the oral glycose tolerance test (OGTT): GDM (<i>n</i> = 423), normal result (<i>n</i> = 1357) and not tested (<i>n</i> = 939). <i>Results</i>: The proportion of women with GDM risk factors increased from 43.5% in 2012 to 57.8% in 2018, and the diagnosis of GDM more than doubled (5.2% vs. 13.7%). Pregnancies predisposed to GDM but with normal OGTT results were accompanied by an excessive gestational weight gain and increased odds to deliver a LGA baby (AOR 2.3 (CI 1.8–3.0)). <i>Conclusions</i>: An increasing number of pregnancies presenting GDM risk factors are diagnosed with GDM. Pregnant women with GDM risk factors are, despite normal OGTT, at risk of increased weight gain and LGA newborns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:40:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b0d37170457446ab1ef2e858ebedf33 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:40:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b0d37170457446ab1ef2e858ebedf332023-11-23T13:25:05ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-08-011117495310.3390/jcm11174953Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test ResultsEle Hanson0Inge Ringmets1Anne Kirss2Maris Laan3Kristiina Rull4Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa St. 8, 50406 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 19, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa St. 8, 50406 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 19, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa St. 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia<i>Background</i>: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can cause maternal and neonatal health problems, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. We assessed the screening of GDM during a 7-year period and compared the outcome of pregnancies at high risk for GDM. <i>Methods</i>: We analyzed non-selected pregnant women (<i>n</i> = 5021) receiving antenatal care in Tartu University Hospital, Estonia in 2012–2018. Pregnant women were classified based on the absence or presence of GDM risk factors as low risk (<i>n</i> = 2302) or high risk for GDM (<i>n</i> = 2719), respectively. The latter were divided into subgroups after the oral glycose tolerance test (OGTT): GDM (<i>n</i> = 423), normal result (<i>n</i> = 1357) and not tested (<i>n</i> = 939). <i>Results</i>: The proportion of women with GDM risk factors increased from 43.5% in 2012 to 57.8% in 2018, and the diagnosis of GDM more than doubled (5.2% vs. 13.7%). Pregnancies predisposed to GDM but with normal OGTT results were accompanied by an excessive gestational weight gain and increased odds to deliver a LGA baby (AOR 2.3 (CI 1.8–3.0)). <i>Conclusions</i>: An increasing number of pregnancies presenting GDM risk factors are diagnosed with GDM. Pregnant women with GDM risk factors are, despite normal OGTT, at risk of increased weight gain and LGA newborns.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/17/4953gestational diabetesscreening testhyperglycemiamacrosomiaoral glycose tolerance test |
| spellingShingle | Ele Hanson Inge Ringmets Anne Kirss Maris Laan Kristiina Rull Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results Journal of Clinical Medicine gestational diabetes screening test hyperglycemia macrosomia oral glycose tolerance test |
| title | Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results |
| title_full | Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results |
| title_fullStr | Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results |
| title_short | Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors: Pregnancy Outcome of Women with Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors According to Glycose Tolerance Test Results |
| title_sort | screening of gestational diabetes and its risk factors pregnancy outcome of women with gestational diabetes risk factors according to glycose tolerance test results |
| topic | gestational diabetes screening test hyperglycemia macrosomia oral glycose tolerance test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/17/4953 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elehanson screeningofgestationaldiabetesanditsriskfactorspregnancyoutcomeofwomenwithgestationaldiabetesriskfactorsaccordingtoglycosetolerancetestresults AT ingeringmets screeningofgestationaldiabetesanditsriskfactorspregnancyoutcomeofwomenwithgestationaldiabetesriskfactorsaccordingtoglycosetolerancetestresults AT annekirss screeningofgestationaldiabetesanditsriskfactorspregnancyoutcomeofwomenwithgestationaldiabetesriskfactorsaccordingtoglycosetolerancetestresults AT marislaan screeningofgestationaldiabetesanditsriskfactorspregnancyoutcomeofwomenwithgestationaldiabetesriskfactorsaccordingtoglycosetolerancetestresults AT kristiinarull screeningofgestationaldiabetesanditsriskfactorspregnancyoutcomeofwomenwithgestationaldiabetesriskfactorsaccordingtoglycosetolerancetestresults |