The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System
Bacterial infection contributes to the bioburden of wounds, which is an essential factor in determining whether a wound can heal. Wound dressings with antibacterial properties that can promote wound-healing are highly desired for the treatment of chronic wound infections. Herein, we fabricated a sim...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/3/219 |
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| author | Mingsheng Shi Yongmeng Xu Shuai Li Lifeng Wang Junyao Gu Yi-Xuan Zhang |
| author_facet | Mingsheng Shi Yongmeng Xu Shuai Li Lifeng Wang Junyao Gu Yi-Xuan Zhang |
| author_sort | Mingsheng Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacterial infection contributes to the bioburden of wounds, which is an essential factor in determining whether a wound can heal. Wound dressings with antibacterial properties that can promote wound-healing are highly desired for the treatment of chronic wound infections. Herein, we fabricated a simple polysaccharide-based hydrogel dressing encapsulating tobramycin-loaded gelatine microspheres with good antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. We first synthesised long-chain quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) by the reaction of tertiary amines with epichlorohydrin. The amino groups of carboxymethyl chitosan were then conjugated with QAS through the ring-opening reaction and QAS-modified chitosan (CMCS) was obtained. The antibacterial analysis showed that both QAS and CMCS could kill E. coli and S. aureus at relatively low concentrations. QAS with 16 carbon atoms has a MIC of 16 μg/mL for <i>E. coli</i> and 2 μg/mL for <i>S. aureus</i>. A series of formulations of tobramycin-loaded gelatine microspheres (TOB-G) were generated and the best formulation was selected by comparing the characters of the microspheres. The microsphere fabricated by 0.1 mL GTA was selected as the optimal candidate. We then used CMCS, TOB-G, and sodium alginate (SA) to prepare physically crosslinking hydrogels using CaCl<sub>2</sub> and investigated the mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility of the hydrogels. In summary, the hydrogel dressing we produced can be used as an ideal alternative for the management of bacteria-infected wounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:30:06Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:30:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7b28b2b9f04947849ce2dcc1fa7848772023-11-17T11:14:57ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612023-03-019321910.3390/gels9030219The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial SystemMingsheng Shi0Yongmeng Xu1Shuai Li2Lifeng Wang3Junyao Gu4Yi-Xuan Zhang5School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, ChinaWoundhealing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, ChinaWoundhealing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, ChinaShenyang Yaoda Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Benxi 114004, ChinaShenyang Yaoda Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Benxi 114004, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, ChinaBacterial infection contributes to the bioburden of wounds, which is an essential factor in determining whether a wound can heal. Wound dressings with antibacterial properties that can promote wound-healing are highly desired for the treatment of chronic wound infections. Herein, we fabricated a simple polysaccharide-based hydrogel dressing encapsulating tobramycin-loaded gelatine microspheres with good antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. We first synthesised long-chain quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) by the reaction of tertiary amines with epichlorohydrin. The amino groups of carboxymethyl chitosan were then conjugated with QAS through the ring-opening reaction and QAS-modified chitosan (CMCS) was obtained. The antibacterial analysis showed that both QAS and CMCS could kill E. coli and S. aureus at relatively low concentrations. QAS with 16 carbon atoms has a MIC of 16 μg/mL for <i>E. coli</i> and 2 μg/mL for <i>S. aureus</i>. A series of formulations of tobramycin-loaded gelatine microspheres (TOB-G) were generated and the best formulation was selected by comparing the characters of the microspheres. The microsphere fabricated by 0.1 mL GTA was selected as the optimal candidate. We then used CMCS, TOB-G, and sodium alginate (SA) to prepare physically crosslinking hydrogels using CaCl<sub>2</sub> and investigated the mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility of the hydrogels. In summary, the hydrogel dressing we produced can be used as an ideal alternative for the management of bacteria-infected wounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/3/219wound infectionquaternary ammonium saltschitosanalginatetobramycin |
| spellingShingle | Mingsheng Shi Yongmeng Xu Shuai Li Lifeng Wang Junyao Gu Yi-Xuan Zhang The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System Gels wound infection quaternary ammonium salts chitosan alginate tobramycin |
| title | The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System |
| title_full | The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System |
| title_fullStr | The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System |
| title_short | The Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Encapsulating Tobramycin-Loaded Gelatine Microspheres as an Antibacterial System |
| title_sort | development of a polysaccharide based hydrogel encapsulating tobramycin loaded gelatine microspheres as an antibacterial system |
| topic | wound infection quaternary ammonium salts chitosan alginate tobramycin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/3/219 |
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