Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia
School-based deworming program is implemented to control and eliminate <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infection in many endemic countries, including Ethiopia. However, pre-school-age children (pre-SAC) are not targeted to receive preventive chemotherapy against <i>S. mansoni</i>...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/858 |
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| author | Tafese Tadele Ayalew Astatkie Solomon Mequanente Abay Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse Eyasu Makonnen Eleni Aklillu |
| author_facet | Tafese Tadele Ayalew Astatkie Solomon Mequanente Abay Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse Eyasu Makonnen Eleni Aklillu |
| author_sort | Tafese Tadele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | School-based deworming program is implemented to control and eliminate <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infection in many endemic countries, including Ethiopia. However, pre-school-age children (pre-SAC) are not targeted to receive preventive chemotherapy against <i>S. mansoni</i> infection, partly due to a lack of information on the disease burden. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection among pre-SAC in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 1683 pre-SAC aged 4 to 7 years were screened for <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. A multilevel binary logistic regression was fitted to detect the significant determinants of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to identify determinants of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. The overall prevalence of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection was 14.3% (95% CI: 12.6, 16.0%). <i>S. mansoni</i> infection was significantly higher among 6-year-old (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.55, 4.27) and 7-year-old children (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 2.82, 7.62). Accompanying others to water sources sometimes (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.12, 6.01) and all the time (AOR = 5.91, 95% CI: 2.51, 13.90), and residing in less than one kilometer from the infested water source (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.47, 6.83) increased the odds of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. In conclusion, the prevalence of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection among pre-SAC in the study area was moderate. The study highlights the urgent need to include pre-SAC aged 4 to 7 years in annual preventive chemotherapy campaigns to reduce the risk of possible sources of infection and enhance the achievement of the elimination target. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b31f5b4352a4fc18aa40de2358af1af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7b31f5b4352a4fc18aa40de2358af1af2023-11-18T20:49:57ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-06-0112785810.3390/pathogens12070858Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern EthiopiaTafese Tadele0Ayalew Astatkie1Solomon Mequanente Abay2Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse3Eyasu Makonnen4Eleni Aklillu5School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 1560, EthiopiaSchool of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 1560, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 9086, EthiopiaDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 1560, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 9086, EthiopiaDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, SwedenSchool-based deworming program is implemented to control and eliminate <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infection in many endemic countries, including Ethiopia. However, pre-school-age children (pre-SAC) are not targeted to receive preventive chemotherapy against <i>S. mansoni</i> infection, partly due to a lack of information on the disease burden. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection among pre-SAC in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 1683 pre-SAC aged 4 to 7 years were screened for <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. A multilevel binary logistic regression was fitted to detect the significant determinants of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to identify determinants of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. The overall prevalence of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection was 14.3% (95% CI: 12.6, 16.0%). <i>S. mansoni</i> infection was significantly higher among 6-year-old (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.55, 4.27) and 7-year-old children (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 2.82, 7.62). Accompanying others to water sources sometimes (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.12, 6.01) and all the time (AOR = 5.91, 95% CI: 2.51, 13.90), and residing in less than one kilometer from the infested water source (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.47, 6.83) increased the odds of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection. In conclusion, the prevalence of <i>S. mansoni</i> infection among pre-SAC in the study area was moderate. The study highlights the urgent need to include pre-SAC aged 4 to 7 years in annual preventive chemotherapy campaigns to reduce the risk of possible sources of infection and enhance the achievement of the elimination target.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/858<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>neglected tropical diseasespublic health problemmass drug administrationpre-school age childrenprevalence |
| spellingShingle | Tafese Tadele Ayalew Astatkie Solomon Mequanente Abay Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse Eyasu Makonnen Eleni Aklillu Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia Pathogens <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> neglected tropical diseases public health problem mass drug administration pre-school age children prevalence |
| title | Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_full | Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_short | Prevalence and Determinants of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection among Pre-School Age Children in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_sort | prevalence and determinants of i schistosoma mansoni i infection among pre school age children in southern ethiopia |
| topic | <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> neglected tropical diseases public health problem mass drug administration pre-school age children prevalence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/858 |
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