Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study
Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate associations between micronutrient levels and diabetes and to explore the association in individuals with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes. Methods: A case–control study, matched on age and gender, was performed on participants with (ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/3045 |
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| author | Nada Soliman Ruba Almishal Basant Elsayed Ayaaz Ahmed Sara Al-Amri Aisha Al-Kuwari Shaikha Al-Muhannadi Muhammed Nadeer Tawanda Chivese |
| author_facet | Nada Soliman Ruba Almishal Basant Elsayed Ayaaz Ahmed Sara Al-Amri Aisha Al-Kuwari Shaikha Al-Muhannadi Muhammed Nadeer Tawanda Chivese |
| author_sort | Nada Soliman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate associations between micronutrient levels and diabetes and to explore the association in individuals with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes. Methods: A case–control study, matched on age and gender, was performed on participants with (cases) and without diabetes (controls), who were Qatari or long-term residents (≥15 years of residence). Participants with diabetes were divided into those with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes using an HbA1c cutoff of 7%. Levels of micronutrients were measured from serum and categorized into normal and abnormal levels. Results: A total of 1118 participants (374 cases and 744 controls) were included with a mean age of 41.7 years (SD 9.9), of whom 53.9% were female. Of those with diabetes, 229 had controlled diabetes and 145 had uncontrolled diabetes. Compared to those without diabetes, participants with diabetes had significantly lower mean magnesium (0.80 mmol/L (SD 0.07) vs. 0.84 mmol/L (SD 0.06), respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Lower magnesium and iron were observed in participants with uncontrolled compared to participants with controlled diabetes. After multivariable logistic regression, diabetes was associated with hypomagnesemia (OR 3.2, 95% CI 3.4–213.9) and low iron (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03–2.15). Uncontrolled diabetes showed stronger odds of association with hypomagnesemia (OR 5.57, 95% CI 3.65–8.52). Conclusion: In an affluent setting in the MENA region, diabetes was associated with low magnesium and low iron, and this association was stronger in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:59:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b48327b615b4c2aa5177c522c17ca56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:59:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b48327b615b4c2aa5177c522c17ca562023-11-24T14:31:17ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-11-011111304510.3390/biomedicines11113045Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control StudyNada Soliman0Ruba Almishal1Basant Elsayed2Ayaaz Ahmed3Sara Al-Amri4Aisha Al-Kuwari5Shaikha Al-Muhannadi6Muhammed Nadeer7Tawanda Chivese8College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarObjective: The objectives of this study were to investigate associations between micronutrient levels and diabetes and to explore the association in individuals with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes. Methods: A case–control study, matched on age and gender, was performed on participants with (cases) and without diabetes (controls), who were Qatari or long-term residents (≥15 years of residence). Participants with diabetes were divided into those with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes using an HbA1c cutoff of 7%. Levels of micronutrients were measured from serum and categorized into normal and abnormal levels. Results: A total of 1118 participants (374 cases and 744 controls) were included with a mean age of 41.7 years (SD 9.9), of whom 53.9% were female. Of those with diabetes, 229 had controlled diabetes and 145 had uncontrolled diabetes. Compared to those without diabetes, participants with diabetes had significantly lower mean magnesium (0.80 mmol/L (SD 0.07) vs. 0.84 mmol/L (SD 0.06), respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Lower magnesium and iron were observed in participants with uncontrolled compared to participants with controlled diabetes. After multivariable logistic regression, diabetes was associated with hypomagnesemia (OR 3.2, 95% CI 3.4–213.9) and low iron (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03–2.15). Uncontrolled diabetes showed stronger odds of association with hypomagnesemia (OR 5.57, 95% CI 3.65–8.52). Conclusion: In an affluent setting in the MENA region, diabetes was associated with low magnesium and low iron, and this association was stronger in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/3045diabetes mellitusdiabetes controlmicroelementsmacroelementsvitaminsmagnesium |
| spellingShingle | Nada Soliman Ruba Almishal Basant Elsayed Ayaaz Ahmed Sara Al-Amri Aisha Al-Kuwari Shaikha Al-Muhannadi Muhammed Nadeer Tawanda Chivese Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study Biomedicines diabetes mellitus diabetes control microelements macroelements vitamins magnesium |
| title | Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study |
| title_full | Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study |
| title_short | Association between Diabetes and Levels of Micronutrients in Qatar—A Case–Control Study |
| title_sort | association between diabetes and levels of micronutrients in qatar a case control study |
| topic | diabetes mellitus diabetes control microelements macroelements vitamins magnesium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/3045 |
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