Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field
We mainly focus on the effects of small changes of parameters on the dynamics of charged particles around Kerr black holes surrounded by an external magnetic field, which can be considered as a tidal environment. The radial motions of charged particles on the equatorial plane are studied via an effe...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/11/410 |
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| author | Xin Sun Xin Wu Yu Wang Chen Deng Baorong Liu Enwei Liang |
| author_facet | Xin Sun Xin Wu Yu Wang Chen Deng Baorong Liu Enwei Liang |
| author_sort | Xin Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We mainly focus on the effects of small changes of parameters on the dynamics of charged particles around Kerr black holes surrounded by an external magnetic field, which can be considered as a tidal environment. The radial motions of charged particles on the equatorial plane are studied via an effective potential. It is found that the particle energies at the local maxima values of the effective potentials increase with an increase in the black hole spin and the particle angular momenta, but decrease with an increase of one of the inductive charge parameter and magnetic field parameter. The radii of stable circular orbits on the equatorial plane also increase, whereas those of the innermost stable circular orbits decrease. On the other hand, the effects of small variations of the parameters on the orbital regular and chaotic dynamics of charged particles on the non-equatorial plane are traced by means of a time-transformed explicit symplectic integrator, Poincaré sections and fast Lyapunov indicators. It is shown that the dynamics sensitivity depends on small variations in the inductive charge parameter, magnetic field parameter, energy, and angular momentum. Chaos occurs easily as each of the inductive charge parameter, magnetic field parameter, and energy increases but is weakened as the angular momentum increases. When the dragging effects of the spacetime increase, the chaotic properties are not always weakened under some circumstances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:00:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b49ea0a1f004c05a79987def36450c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:00:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b49ea0a1f004c05a79987def36450c72023-11-23T01:50:12ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972021-10-0171141010.3390/universe7110410Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic FieldXin Sun0Xin Wu1Yu Wang2Chen Deng3Baorong Liu4Enwei Liang5School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaWe mainly focus on the effects of small changes of parameters on the dynamics of charged particles around Kerr black holes surrounded by an external magnetic field, which can be considered as a tidal environment. The radial motions of charged particles on the equatorial plane are studied via an effective potential. It is found that the particle energies at the local maxima values of the effective potentials increase with an increase in the black hole spin and the particle angular momenta, but decrease with an increase of one of the inductive charge parameter and magnetic field parameter. The radii of stable circular orbits on the equatorial plane also increase, whereas those of the innermost stable circular orbits decrease. On the other hand, the effects of small variations of the parameters on the orbital regular and chaotic dynamics of charged particles on the non-equatorial plane are traced by means of a time-transformed explicit symplectic integrator, Poincaré sections and fast Lyapunov indicators. It is shown that the dynamics sensitivity depends on small variations in the inductive charge parameter, magnetic field parameter, energy, and angular momentum. Chaos occurs easily as each of the inductive charge parameter, magnetic field parameter, and energy increases but is weakened as the angular momentum increases. When the dragging effects of the spacetime increase, the chaotic properties are not always weakened under some circumstances.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/11/410Kerr black holemagnetic fieldcircular orbitschaossymplectic integrator |
| spellingShingle | Xin Sun Xin Wu Yu Wang Chen Deng Baorong Liu Enwei Liang Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field Universe Kerr black hole magnetic field circular orbits chaos symplectic integrator |
| title | Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field |
| title_full | Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field |
| title_short | Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field |
| title_sort | dynamics of charged particles moving around kerr black hole with inductive charge and external magnetic field |
| topic | Kerr black hole magnetic field circular orbits chaos symplectic integrator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/11/410 |
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