Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria
Backgrond and Aim: Thermotolerant Campylobacter organisms (TCOs) are primary causes of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Although all warm-blooded animals are susceptible to colonization by TCOs, food-producing animals, especially poultry, are major reservoirs of the infection for trans...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2019-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of One Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.5/14.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828395534413463552 |
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| author | Emmanuel Okechukwu Njoga Innocent Okwundu Nwankwo Joel Chukwudi Ugwunwarua |
| author_facet | Emmanuel Okechukwu Njoga Innocent Okwundu Nwankwo Joel Chukwudi Ugwunwarua |
| author_sort | Emmanuel Okechukwu Njoga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Backgrond and Aim: Thermotolerant Campylobacter organisms (TCOs) are primary causes of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Although all warm-blooded animals are susceptible to colonization by TCOs, food-producing animals, especially poultry, are major reservoirs of the infection for transmission to humans. This epidemiological study for thermotolerant Campylobacter infection (TCI) in poultry was, therefore, conducted to determine the prevalence and to identify the risk factors of TCI in 60 randomly selected poultry farms in Nsukka agricultural zone.
Materials and Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on the farmers' involvement in practices that may aggravate TCI in poultry farms. Isolation of TCOs for the determination of prevalence of the infection was done following standard microbiological protocol.
Results: The majority (93.3%) of the farms practiced intensive management system. Farm and individual prevalence of TCI were 78.3% and 19.4%, respectively. The prevalence of 15.7% and 23.6% was recorded for birds reared in urban and rural areas, respectively. Similarly, prevalence rates of 17.2%, 25%, 14.7%, and 24.5% were documented for broiler, layer, male, and female birds, respectively. Major risk factors of TCI found were non-sanitization of drinking water, rearing birds of different ages together, thinning, raising other animals alongside poultry, and overstocking.
Conclusion: Overall prevalence of 19.4% is high from public health and food safety points of view. Farmers' participation in the risk factors for TCI is massive. Significant improvement in biosecurity practices in poultry farms in the study area is therefore imperative; to limit TCI in poultry and hence the risk of human infection through the food chain or at the poultry-human interface. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:14:56Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2455-5673 2455-8931 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:14:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of One Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b4a593ffefe4760b7e82a121b3f36f52022-12-22T01:56:29ZengVeterinary WorldInternational Journal of One Health2455-56732455-89312019-12-015929810.14202/IJOH.2019.92-98Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, NigeriaEmmanuel Okechukwu Njoga0Innocent Okwundu Nwankwo1Joel Chukwudi Ugwunwarua2Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.Backgrond and Aim: Thermotolerant Campylobacter organisms (TCOs) are primary causes of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Although all warm-blooded animals are susceptible to colonization by TCOs, food-producing animals, especially poultry, are major reservoirs of the infection for transmission to humans. This epidemiological study for thermotolerant Campylobacter infection (TCI) in poultry was, therefore, conducted to determine the prevalence and to identify the risk factors of TCI in 60 randomly selected poultry farms in Nsukka agricultural zone. Materials and Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on the farmers' involvement in practices that may aggravate TCI in poultry farms. Isolation of TCOs for the determination of prevalence of the infection was done following standard microbiological protocol. Results: The majority (93.3%) of the farms practiced intensive management system. Farm and individual prevalence of TCI were 78.3% and 19.4%, respectively. The prevalence of 15.7% and 23.6% was recorded for birds reared in urban and rural areas, respectively. Similarly, prevalence rates of 17.2%, 25%, 14.7%, and 24.5% were documented for broiler, layer, male, and female birds, respectively. Major risk factors of TCI found were non-sanitization of drinking water, rearing birds of different ages together, thinning, raising other animals alongside poultry, and overstocking. Conclusion: Overall prevalence of 19.4% is high from public health and food safety points of view. Farmers' participation in the risk factors for TCI is massive. Significant improvement in biosecurity practices in poultry farms in the study area is therefore imperative; to limit TCI in poultry and hence the risk of human infection through the food chain or at the poultry-human interface.http://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.5/14.pdfbiosecuritynigeriapoultrypublic healthrisk factorsthermotolerant campylobacter infection |
| spellingShingle | Emmanuel Okechukwu Njoga Innocent Okwundu Nwankwo Joel Chukwudi Ugwunwarua Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria International Journal of One Health biosecurity nigeria poultry public health risk factors thermotolerant campylobacter infection |
| title | Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria |
| title_full | Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria |
| title_short | Epidemiology of thermotolerant Campylobacter infection in poultry in Nsukka agricultural zone, Nigeria |
| title_sort | epidemiology of thermotolerant campylobacter infection in poultry in nsukka agricultural zone nigeria |
| topic | biosecurity nigeria poultry public health risk factors thermotolerant campylobacter infection |
| url | http://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.5/14.pdf |
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