Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i>
The Russian wheat aphid (RWA), <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> (Kurdjumov), is one of the main pests of small-grain cereal crops, including bread wheat, <i>Triticum aestivum</i> (Poaceae). In a series of glasshouse experiments, we evaluated the systemic effect of endophytic <i>B...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/5/1060 |
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| author | Lisemelo Francina Motholo Marde Booyse Justin Louis Hatting Toi John Tsilo Makhotso Lekhooa Oriel Thekisoe |
| author_facet | Lisemelo Francina Motholo Marde Booyse Justin Louis Hatting Toi John Tsilo Makhotso Lekhooa Oriel Thekisoe |
| author_sort | Lisemelo Francina Motholo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Russian wheat aphid (RWA), <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> (Kurdjumov), is one of the main pests of small-grain cereal crops, including bread wheat, <i>Triticum aestivum</i> (Poaceae). In a series of glasshouse experiments, we evaluated the systemic effect of endophytic <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> strain PPRI 7598 on <i>D. noxia</i> biotype RWASA1 using three South African wheat cultivars, Gariep, Molopo, and Kariega. The objectives of the study were: (a) to determine the effect of endophytism on RWA reproduction and population growth, and (b) to assess the effect of the endophyte on aphid biomass and <i>T. aestivum</i> response to <i>D. noxia</i> herbivory using a damage rating index. Plant endophytic colonisation was confirmed before each trial using a <i>B. bassiana</i>-selective medium. Three independent trials were performed 10 days apart under glasshouse conditions. The effect of the endophyte-treated versus non-treated plants varied significantly in terms of net reproductive rate (R0) and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of the <i>D. noxia</i> population. Overall, the endophyte significantly reduced <i>D. noxia</i> R0 by approximately 14 nymphs/female and decreased the aphid mass by 13% in treated plants, whereas the mean aphid mass increased by 17% in control plants in all pooled cultivars. These findings demonstrated the endophytic potential of <i>B. bassiana</i> strain PPRI 7598 for suppression of <i>D. noxia</i> populations in RWASA1-susceptible cultivars. The integration of <i>B. bassiana</i> endophytism with host plant resistance may counteract biotype development and support a more sustainable approach towards RWA control in integrated pest management programmes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:01:37Z |
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| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:01:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7b54c438a688404b8325f6058cc089832023-11-18T00:03:24ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-05-01135106010.3390/agriculture13051060Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i>Lisemelo Francina Motholo0Marde Booyse1Justin Louis Hatting2Toi John Tsilo3Makhotso Lekhooa4Oriel Thekisoe5Agricultural Research Council-Small Grain Institute, Private Bag X29, Bethlehem 9700, South AfricaAgricultural Research Council—Biometry, Private Bag X5013, Stellenbosch 7599, South AfricaAgricultural Research Council-Small Grain Institute, Private Bag X29, Bethlehem 9700, South AfricaAgricultural Research Council-Small Grain Institute, Private Bag X29, Bethlehem 9700, South AfricaPreclinical Drug Development Platform, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaUnit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaThe Russian wheat aphid (RWA), <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> (Kurdjumov), is one of the main pests of small-grain cereal crops, including bread wheat, <i>Triticum aestivum</i> (Poaceae). In a series of glasshouse experiments, we evaluated the systemic effect of endophytic <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> strain PPRI 7598 on <i>D. noxia</i> biotype RWASA1 using three South African wheat cultivars, Gariep, Molopo, and Kariega. The objectives of the study were: (a) to determine the effect of endophytism on RWA reproduction and population growth, and (b) to assess the effect of the endophyte on aphid biomass and <i>T. aestivum</i> response to <i>D. noxia</i> herbivory using a damage rating index. Plant endophytic colonisation was confirmed before each trial using a <i>B. bassiana</i>-selective medium. Three independent trials were performed 10 days apart under glasshouse conditions. The effect of the endophyte-treated versus non-treated plants varied significantly in terms of net reproductive rate (R0) and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of the <i>D. noxia</i> population. Overall, the endophyte significantly reduced <i>D. noxia</i> R0 by approximately 14 nymphs/female and decreased the aphid mass by 13% in treated plants, whereas the mean aphid mass increased by 17% in control plants in all pooled cultivars. These findings demonstrated the endophytic potential of <i>B. bassiana</i> strain PPRI 7598 for suppression of <i>D. noxia</i> populations in RWASA1-susceptible cultivars. The integration of <i>B. bassiana</i> endophytism with host plant resistance may counteract biotype development and support a more sustainable approach towards RWA control in integrated pest management programmes.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/5/1060endophyte<i>Beauveria bassiana</i>population growth<i>Diuraphis noxia</i><i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. |
| spellingShingle | Lisemelo Francina Motholo Marde Booyse Justin Louis Hatting Toi John Tsilo Makhotso Lekhooa Oriel Thekisoe Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> Agriculture endophyte <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> population growth <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. |
| title | Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> |
| title_full | Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> |
| title_fullStr | Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> |
| title_short | Endophytic Effect of the South African <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Strain PPRI 7598 on the Population Growth and Development of the Russian Wheat Aphid, <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> |
| title_sort | endophytic effect of the south african i beauveria bassiana i strain ppri 7598 on the population growth and development of the russian wheat aphid i diuraphis noxia i |
| topic | endophyte <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> population growth <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/5/1060 |
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