Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS
“Can systemic insecticides be used in bait spots in order to kill the adult olive fly?” Effort was directed toward providing an answer to that question. Both field and laboratory tests were implemented to detect the dislodgeable residues of dimethoate, phosmet and b-cyfluthrin in olive leaves and fr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/543 |
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| author | Eleftheria Bempelou Kyriaki Varikou Chris Anagnostopoulos Angeliki Charalampous Nikolia Samari Leonidas Economou Nikolaos Garantonakis Konstantinos Liapis |
| author_facet | Eleftheria Bempelou Kyriaki Varikou Chris Anagnostopoulos Angeliki Charalampous Nikolia Samari Leonidas Economou Nikolaos Garantonakis Konstantinos Liapis |
| author_sort | Eleftheria Bempelou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | “Can systemic insecticides be used in bait spots in order to kill the adult olive fly?” Effort was directed toward providing an answer to that question. Both field and laboratory tests were implemented to detect the dislodgeable residues of dimethoate, phosmet and b-cyfluthrin in olive leaves and fruit using the LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS chromatographic techniques. Residues of dimethoate declined more over time than those of phosmet, while levels of beta-cyfluthrin remained almost stable, both in leaves and fruit. Additionally, significantly higher and faster toxicity of dimethoate and beta-cyfluthrin (>92%) compared to phosmet (80%) to fly adults was shown, which was reduced significantly after a two-week period. Conversely, 100% mortality of the larval stages within olive flesh was observed at the 2nd day for dimethoate and at the 7th day for phosmet. Although phosmet was not expected to contribute to preventing larval development, its application in bait sprays presented similar toxicity to that of dimethoate. However, no larval toxicity was recorded in beta-cyfluthrin. As a primary conclusion, we recommend the avoidance of the use of systemic insecticides in bait sprays. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b58ce737d9b4b2eae5dca8d43935020 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b58ce737d9b4b2eae5dca8d439350202023-11-17T08:59:56ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-02-0113354310.3390/agriculture13030543Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MSEleftheria Bempelou0Kyriaki Varikou1Chris Anagnostopoulos2Angeliki Charalampous3Nikolia Samari4Leonidas Economou5Nikolaos Garantonakis6Konstantinos Liapis7Laboratory of Chemical Control of Pesticides, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, GreeceInstitute for Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO-DIMITRA, L. Karamanli 167, 73100 Chania, GreeceLaboratory of Pesticide Residues, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Pesticide Residues, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Pesticide Residues, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Efficacy Control of Pesticides, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, GreeceInstitute for Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO-DIMITRA, L. Karamanli 167, 73100 Chania, GreeceLaboratory of Pesticide Residues, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, Greece“Can systemic insecticides be used in bait spots in order to kill the adult olive fly?” Effort was directed toward providing an answer to that question. Both field and laboratory tests were implemented to detect the dislodgeable residues of dimethoate, phosmet and b-cyfluthrin in olive leaves and fruit using the LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS chromatographic techniques. Residues of dimethoate declined more over time than those of phosmet, while levels of beta-cyfluthrin remained almost stable, both in leaves and fruit. Additionally, significantly higher and faster toxicity of dimethoate and beta-cyfluthrin (>92%) compared to phosmet (80%) to fly adults was shown, which was reduced significantly after a two-week period. Conversely, 100% mortality of the larval stages within olive flesh was observed at the 2nd day for dimethoate and at the 7th day for phosmet. Although phosmet was not expected to contribute to preventing larval development, its application in bait sprays presented similar toxicity to that of dimethoate. However, no larval toxicity was recorded in beta-cyfluthrin. As a primary conclusion, we recommend the avoidance of the use of systemic insecticides in bait sprays.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/543dislodgeable residuesbait spaysolive leavesolive fruitolive flytoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Eleftheria Bempelou Kyriaki Varikou Chris Anagnostopoulos Angeliki Charalampous Nikolia Samari Leonidas Economou Nikolaos Garantonakis Konstantinos Liapis Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS Agriculture dislodgeable residues bait spays olive leaves olive fruit olive fly toxicity |
| title | Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS |
| title_full | Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS |
| title_fullStr | Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS |
| title_short | Toxicity of Insecticides in the Adult and Larva Olive Fruit Fly, after Estimation of the Dislodgeable Foliar and Fruit Residues in Olive Trees by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS |
| title_sort | toxicity of insecticides in the adult and larva olive fruit fly after estimation of the dislodgeable foliar and fruit residues in olive trees by lc ms ms and gc ms ms |
| topic | dislodgeable residues bait spays olive leaves olive fruit olive fly toxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/543 |
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