Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda
Copepoda is a large and diverse group of crustaceans, which is widely distributed worldwide. It encompasses roughly 9 orders, whose phylogeny remains unresolved. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>Sinergasilus major</i> (Markevich, 1940) and used it to expl...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1496 |
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| author | Junzong He Zhihao Zhou Yan Huang Jinmei Feng Wenxiang Li Guitang Wang Congjie Hua |
| author_facet | Junzong He Zhihao Zhou Yan Huang Jinmei Feng Wenxiang Li Guitang Wang Congjie Hua |
| author_sort | Junzong He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Copepoda is a large and diverse group of crustaceans, which is widely distributed worldwide. It encompasses roughly 9 orders, whose phylogeny remains unresolved. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>Sinergasilus major</i> (Markevich, 1940) and used it to explore the phylogeny and mitogenomic evolution of Copepoda. The mitogenome of <i>S. major</i> (14,588 bp) encodes the standard 37 genes as well as a putative control region, and molecular features are highly conserved compared to other Copepoda mitogenomes. Comparative analyses indicated that the <i>nad2</i> gene has relatively high nucleotide diversity and evolutionary rate, as well as the largest amount of phylogenetic information. These results indicate that <i>nad2</i> may be a better marker to investigate phylogenetic relationships among closely related species in Copepoda than the commonly used <i>cox1</i> gene. The sister-group relationship of Siphonostomatoida and Cyclopoida was recovered with strong support in our study. The only topological ambiguity was found within Cyclopoida, which might be caused by the rapid evolution and sparse taxon sampling of this lineage. More taxa and genes should be used to reconstruct the Copepoda phylogeny in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:02:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b679e0943954adeb93b836e28516ebd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:02:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b679e0943954adeb93b836e28516ebd2023-11-18T19:31:24ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-07-01147149610.3390/genes14071496Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of CopepodaJunzong He0Zhihao Zhou1Yan Huang2Jinmei Feng3Wenxiang Li4Guitang Wang5Congjie Hua6School of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaDepartment of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430056, ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430056, ChinaWuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaCopepoda is a large and diverse group of crustaceans, which is widely distributed worldwide. It encompasses roughly 9 orders, whose phylogeny remains unresolved. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>Sinergasilus major</i> (Markevich, 1940) and used it to explore the phylogeny and mitogenomic evolution of Copepoda. The mitogenome of <i>S. major</i> (14,588 bp) encodes the standard 37 genes as well as a putative control region, and molecular features are highly conserved compared to other Copepoda mitogenomes. Comparative analyses indicated that the <i>nad2</i> gene has relatively high nucleotide diversity and evolutionary rate, as well as the largest amount of phylogenetic information. These results indicate that <i>nad2</i> may be a better marker to investigate phylogenetic relationships among closely related species in Copepoda than the commonly used <i>cox1</i> gene. The sister-group relationship of Siphonostomatoida and Cyclopoida was recovered with strong support in our study. The only topological ambiguity was found within Cyclopoida, which might be caused by the rapid evolution and sparse taxon sampling of this lineage. More taxa and genes should be used to reconstruct the Copepoda phylogeny in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1496mitochondrial genomephylogeneticsCopepodamolecular marker<i>Sinergasilus</i> |
| spellingShingle | Junzong He Zhihao Zhou Yan Huang Jinmei Feng Wenxiang Li Guitang Wang Congjie Hua Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda Genes mitochondrial genome phylogenetics Copepoda molecular marker <i>Sinergasilus</i> |
| title | Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda |
| title_full | Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda |
| title_fullStr | Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda |
| title_short | Evolutionary Rates, Divergence Rates, and Performance of Individual Mitochondrial Genes Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of Copepoda |
| title_sort | evolutionary rates divergence rates and performance of individual mitochondrial genes based on phylogenetic analysis of copepoda |
| topic | mitochondrial genome phylogenetics Copepoda molecular marker <i>Sinergasilus</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1496 |
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