Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence

Background: Kawasaki disease is suspected to be triggered by previous infection. The prevention measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have reportedly reduced transmission of certain infectious diseases. Under these circumstances, the prevention measures for COVID-19 may reduce the inciden...

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Main Authors: Nobuyuki Katsumata, Daisuke Harama, Takako Toda, Yuto Sunaga, Masashi Yoshizawa, Yosuke Kono, Yohei Hasebe, Keiichi Koizumi, Minako Hoshiai, Tomohiro Saito, Sho Hokibara, Koji Kobayashi, Miwa Goto, Tomoaki Sano, Makoto Tsuruta, Makoto Nakamura, Sonoko Mizorogi, Masanori Ohta, Mie Mochizuki, Hiroki Sato, Hiroshi Yokomichi, Takeshi Inukai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Japan Epidemiological Association 2021-11-01
Series:Journal of Epidemiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/31/11/31_JE20210132/_pdf
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author Nobuyuki Katsumata
Daisuke Harama
Takako Toda
Yuto Sunaga
Masashi Yoshizawa
Yosuke Kono
Yohei Hasebe
Keiichi Koizumi
Minako Hoshiai
Tomohiro Saito
Sho Hokibara
Koji Kobayashi
Miwa Goto
Tomoaki Sano
Makoto Tsuruta
Makoto Nakamura
Sonoko Mizorogi
Masanori Ohta
Mie Mochizuki
Hiroki Sato
Hiroshi Yokomichi
Takeshi Inukai
author_facet Nobuyuki Katsumata
Daisuke Harama
Takako Toda
Yuto Sunaga
Masashi Yoshizawa
Yosuke Kono
Yohei Hasebe
Keiichi Koizumi
Minako Hoshiai
Tomohiro Saito
Sho Hokibara
Koji Kobayashi
Miwa Goto
Tomoaki Sano
Makoto Tsuruta
Makoto Nakamura
Sonoko Mizorogi
Masanori Ohta
Mie Mochizuki
Hiroki Sato
Hiroshi Yokomichi
Takeshi Inukai
author_sort Nobuyuki Katsumata
collection DOAJ
description Background: Kawasaki disease is suspected to be triggered by previous infection. The prevention measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have reportedly reduced transmission of certain infectious diseases. Under these circumstances, the prevention measures for COVID-19 may reduce the incidence of Kawasaki disease. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using registration datasets of patients with Kawasaki disease who were diagnosed in all 11 inpatient pediatric facilities in Yamanashi Prefecture. The eligible cases were 595 cases that were diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic (from January 2015 through February 2020) and 38 cases that were diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic (from March through November 2020). Incidence of several infectious disease were evaluated using data from the Infectious Disease Weekly Report conducted by the National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Results: Epidemics of various infectious diseases generally remained at low levels during the first 9 months (March through November 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the incidence of COVID-19 was 50–80 times lower than the incidence in European countries and the United States. The total number of 38 cases with Kawasaki disease for the 9 months during the COVID-19 pandemic was 46.3% (−3.5 standard deviations [SDs] of the average [82.0; SD, 12.7 cases] for the corresponding 9 months of the previous 5 years. None of the 38 cases was determined to be triggered by COVID-19 based on their medical histories and negative results of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 testing at admission. Conclusion: These observations provide a new epidemiological evidence for the notion that Kawasaki disease is triggered by major infectious diseases in children.
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spelling doaj.art-7b875633c0b2443a9fb079f56fc878e42022-12-21T21:52:11ZengJapan Epidemiological AssociationJournal of Epidemiology0917-50401349-90922021-11-01311157358010.2188/jea.JE20210132Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease IncidenceNobuyuki Katsumata0Daisuke Harama1Takako Toda2Yuto Sunaga3Masashi Yoshizawa4Yosuke Kono5Yohei Hasebe6Keiichi Koizumi7Minako Hoshiai8Tomohiro Saito9Sho Hokibara10Koji Kobayashi11Miwa Goto12Tomoaki Sano13Makoto Tsuruta14Makoto Nakamura15Sonoko Mizorogi16Masanori Ohta17Mie Mochizuki18Hiroki Sato19Hiroshi Yokomichi20Takeshi Inukai21Department of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Fujiyoshida Municipal Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yamanashi Central Prefectural Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yamanashi Central Prefectural Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kofu Municipal Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yamanashi Kosei Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kofu National Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yamanashi Red Cross Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kofu-kyoritsu Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Fujiyoshida Municipal Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Nirasaki City Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Tsuru Municipal General Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kyonan Medical Center Fujikawa Hospital, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, JapanDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, JapanBackground: Kawasaki disease is suspected to be triggered by previous infection. The prevention measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have reportedly reduced transmission of certain infectious diseases. Under these circumstances, the prevention measures for COVID-19 may reduce the incidence of Kawasaki disease. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using registration datasets of patients with Kawasaki disease who were diagnosed in all 11 inpatient pediatric facilities in Yamanashi Prefecture. The eligible cases were 595 cases that were diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic (from January 2015 through February 2020) and 38 cases that were diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic (from March through November 2020). Incidence of several infectious disease were evaluated using data from the Infectious Disease Weekly Report conducted by the National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Results: Epidemics of various infectious diseases generally remained at low levels during the first 9 months (March through November 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the incidence of COVID-19 was 50–80 times lower than the incidence in European countries and the United States. The total number of 38 cases with Kawasaki disease for the 9 months during the COVID-19 pandemic was 46.3% (−3.5 standard deviations [SDs] of the average [82.0; SD, 12.7 cases] for the corresponding 9 months of the previous 5 years. None of the 38 cases was determined to be triggered by COVID-19 based on their medical histories and negative results of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 testing at admission. Conclusion: These observations provide a new epidemiological evidence for the notion that Kawasaki disease is triggered by major infectious diseases in children.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/31/11/31_JE20210132/_pdfcovid-19kawasaki diseaseretrospective databaseinfectious disease
spellingShingle Nobuyuki Katsumata
Daisuke Harama
Takako Toda
Yuto Sunaga
Masashi Yoshizawa
Yosuke Kono
Yohei Hasebe
Keiichi Koizumi
Minako Hoshiai
Tomohiro Saito
Sho Hokibara
Koji Kobayashi
Miwa Goto
Tomoaki Sano
Makoto Tsuruta
Makoto Nakamura
Sonoko Mizorogi
Masanori Ohta
Mie Mochizuki
Hiroki Sato
Hiroshi Yokomichi
Takeshi Inukai
Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence
Journal of Epidemiology
covid-19
kawasaki disease
retrospective database
infectious disease
title Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence
title_full Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence
title_fullStr Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence
title_full_unstemmed Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence
title_short Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence
title_sort prevention measures for covid 19 and changes in kawasaki disease incidence
topic covid-19
kawasaki disease
retrospective database
infectious disease
url https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/31/11/31_JE20210132/_pdf
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