Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation
Statins represent one of the most widely used classes of drugs in current medicine. In addition to a substantial decrease in atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations, several large trials have documented their potent anti-inflammatory activity. Based on our preliminary data,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-02-01
|
| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/2/211 |
| _version_ | 1797395986115461120 |
|---|---|
| author | Sona Kauerova Hana Bartuskova Barbora Muffova Libor Janousek Jiri Fronek Marek Petras Rudolf Poledne Ivana Kralova Lesna |
| author_facet | Sona Kauerova Hana Bartuskova Barbora Muffova Libor Janousek Jiri Fronek Marek Petras Rudolf Poledne Ivana Kralova Lesna |
| author_sort | Sona Kauerova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Statins represent one of the most widely used classes of drugs in current medicine. In addition to a substantial decrease in atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations, several large trials have documented their potent anti-inflammatory activity. Based on our preliminary data, we showed that statins are able to decrease the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD14+16+CD36high) in visceral adipose tissue in humans. In the present study including 118 healthy individuals (living kidney donors), a very close relationship between the pro-inflammatory macrophage proportion and LDL cholesterol levels was found. This was confirmed after adjustment for the most important risk factors. The effect of statins on the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was also confirmed in an experimental model of the Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemia rat. A direct anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on human macrophage polarization in vitro was documented. Based on modifying the LDL cholesterol concentrations, statins are suggested to decrease the cholesterol inflow through the lipid raft of macrophages in adipose tissue and hypercholesterolemia to enhance the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype polarization. On the contrary, due to their opposite effect, statins respond with anti-inflammatory activity, affecting the whole organism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:43:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7b9dbe2b3bb944dba06bf2653343e17a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:43:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-7b9dbe2b3bb944dba06bf2653343e17a2023-12-11T17:40:12ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-02-019221110.3390/biomedicines9020211Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic InflammationSona Kauerova0Hana Bartuskova1Barbora Muffova2Libor Janousek3Jiri Fronek4Marek Petras5Rudolf Poledne6Ivana Kralova Lesna7Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech RepublicLaboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Transplantation Surgery, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Transplantation Surgery, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech RepublicLaboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech RepublicLaboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech RepublicStatins represent one of the most widely used classes of drugs in current medicine. In addition to a substantial decrease in atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations, several large trials have documented their potent anti-inflammatory activity. Based on our preliminary data, we showed that statins are able to decrease the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD14+16+CD36high) in visceral adipose tissue in humans. In the present study including 118 healthy individuals (living kidney donors), a very close relationship between the pro-inflammatory macrophage proportion and LDL cholesterol levels was found. This was confirmed after adjustment for the most important risk factors. The effect of statins on the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was also confirmed in an experimental model of the Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemia rat. A direct anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on human macrophage polarization in vitro was documented. Based on modifying the LDL cholesterol concentrations, statins are suggested to decrease the cholesterol inflow through the lipid raft of macrophages in adipose tissue and hypercholesterolemia to enhance the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype polarization. On the contrary, due to their opposite effect, statins respond with anti-inflammatory activity, affecting the whole organism.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/2/211statinshumanmacrophage polarizationinflammationhypercholesterolemia |
| spellingShingle | Sona Kauerova Hana Bartuskova Barbora Muffova Libor Janousek Jiri Fronek Marek Petras Rudolf Poledne Ivana Kralova Lesna Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation Biomedicines statins human macrophage polarization inflammation hypercholesterolemia |
| title | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
| title_full | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
| title_fullStr | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
| title_short | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
| title_sort | statins directly influence the polarization of adipose tissue macrophages a role in chronic inflammation |
| topic | statins human macrophage polarization inflammation hypercholesterolemia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/2/211 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sonakauerova statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT hanabartuskova statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT barboramuffova statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT liborjanousek statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT jirifronek statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT marekpetras statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT rudolfpoledne statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation AT ivanakralovalesna statinsdirectlyinfluencethepolarizationofadiposetissuemacrophagesaroleinchronicinflammation |