In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes
Enzymes catalyze various biochemical functions with high efficiency and specificity. In-vitro design of the enzyme leads to novel bioactivity in this natural biomolecule that give answers of some vital questions like crucial residues in binding with substrate, molecular evolution, cofactor specifici...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fchem.2016.00039/full |
| _version_ | 1811206231790977024 |
|---|---|
| author | Vishvanath Tiwari |
| author_facet | Vishvanath Tiwari |
| author_sort | Vishvanath Tiwari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enzymes catalyze various biochemical functions with high efficiency and specificity. In-vitro design of the enzyme leads to novel bioactivity in this natural biomolecule that give answers of some vital questions like crucial residues in binding with substrate, molecular evolution, cofactor specificity etc. Enzyme engineering technology involves directed evolution, rational designing, semi-rational designing and structure-based designing using chemical modifications. Similarly, combined computational and in-vitro evolution approaches together help in artificial designing of novel bioactivity in the natural enzyme. DNA shuffling, error prone PCR and staggered extension process are used to artificially redesign active site of enzyme, which can alter its efficiency and specificity. Modifications of the enzyme can lead to the discovery of new path of molecular evolution, designing of efficient enzymes, locating active sites and crucial residues, shift in substrate and cofactor specificity. The methods and thermodynamics of in-vitro designing of the enzyme are also discussed. Similarly, engineered thermophilic and psychrophilic enzymes attain substrate specificity and activity of mesophilic enzymes that may also be beneficial for industry and therapeutics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:44:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ba843c695604a928252ae1fb3036076 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2646 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:44:20Z |
| publishDate | 2016-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ba843c695604a928252ae1fb30360762022-12-22T03:49:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462016-10-01410.3389/fchem.2016.00039214165In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymesVishvanath Tiwari0Central University of RajasthanEnzymes catalyze various biochemical functions with high efficiency and specificity. In-vitro design of the enzyme leads to novel bioactivity in this natural biomolecule that give answers of some vital questions like crucial residues in binding with substrate, molecular evolution, cofactor specificity etc. Enzyme engineering technology involves directed evolution, rational designing, semi-rational designing and structure-based designing using chemical modifications. Similarly, combined computational and in-vitro evolution approaches together help in artificial designing of novel bioactivity in the natural enzyme. DNA shuffling, error prone PCR and staggered extension process are used to artificially redesign active site of enzyme, which can alter its efficiency and specificity. Modifications of the enzyme can lead to the discovery of new path of molecular evolution, designing of efficient enzymes, locating active sites and crucial residues, shift in substrate and cofactor specificity. The methods and thermodynamics of in-vitro designing of the enzyme are also discussed. Similarly, engineered thermophilic and psychrophilic enzymes attain substrate specificity and activity of mesophilic enzymes that may also be beneficial for industry and therapeutics.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fchem.2016.00039/fullmolecular evolutionStrategic manipulationIn-vitro designNovel bioactivity of natural enzymeThermodynamics of in-vitro design |
| spellingShingle | Vishvanath Tiwari In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes Frontiers in Chemistry molecular evolution Strategic manipulation In-vitro design Novel bioactivity of natural enzyme Thermodynamics of in-vitro design |
| title | In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes |
| title_full | In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes |
| title_fullStr | In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes |
| title_full_unstemmed | In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes |
| title_short | In-vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes |
| title_sort | in vitro engineering of novel bioactivity in the natural enzymes |
| topic | molecular evolution Strategic manipulation In-vitro design Novel bioactivity of natural enzyme Thermodynamics of in-vitro design |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fchem.2016.00039/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vishvanathtiwari invitroengineeringofnovelbioactivityinthenaturalenzymes |