Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland
The objective of this study is to assess the techno-economic potential of the proposed novel energy system, which allows for negative emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The analyzed system comprises four main subsystems: a biomass-fired combined heat and power plant integrated...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/11/2841 |
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| author | Paweł Gładysz Anna Sowiżdżał Maciej Miecznik Maciej Hacaga Leszek Pająk |
| author_facet | Paweł Gładysz Anna Sowiżdżał Maciej Miecznik Maciej Hacaga Leszek Pająk |
| author_sort | Paweł Gładysz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study is to assess the techno-economic potential of the proposed novel energy system, which allows for negative emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The analyzed system comprises four main subsystems: a biomass-fired combined heat and power plant integrated with a CO<sub>2</sub> capture and compression unit, a CO<sub>2</sub> transport pipeline, a CO<sub>2</sub>-enhanced geothermal system, and a supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Brayton power cycle. For the purpose of the comprehensive techno-economic assessment, the results for the reference biomass-fired combined heat and power plant without CO<sub>2</sub> capture are also presented. Based on the proposed framework for energy and economic assessment, the energy efficiencies, the specific primary energy consumption of CO<sub>2</sub> avoidance, the cost of CO<sub>2</sub> avoidance, and negative CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are evaluated based on the results of process simulations. In addition, an overview of the relevant elements of the whole system is provided, taking into account technological progress and technology readiness levels. The specific primary energy consumption per unit of CO<sub>2</sub> avoided in the analyzed system is equal to 2.17 MJ<sub>LHV</sub>/kg CO<sub>2</sub> for biomass only (and 6.22 MJ<sub>LHV</sub>/kg CO<sub>2</sub> when geothermal energy is included) and 3.41 MJ<sub>LHV</sub>/kg CO<sub>2</sub> excluding the CO<sub>2</sub> utilization in the enhanced geothermal system. Regarding the economic performance of the analyzed system, the levelized cost of electricity and heat are almost two times higher than those of the reference system (239.0 to 127.5 EUR/MWh and 9.4 to 5.0 EUR/GJ), which leads to negative values of the Net Present Value in all analyzed scenarios. The CO<sub>2</sub> avoided cost and CO<sub>2</sub> negative cost in the business as usual economic scenario are equal to 63.0 and 48.2 EUR/t CO<sub>2</sub>, respectively, and drop to 27.3 and 20 EUR/t CO<sub>2</sub> in the technological development scenario. The analysis proves the economic feasibility of the proposed CO<sub>2</sub> utilization and storage option in the enhanced geothermal system integrated with the sCO<sub>2</sub> cycle when the cost of CO<sub>2</sub> transport and storage is above 10 EUR/t CO<sub>2</sub> (at a transport distance of 50 km). The technology readiness level of the proposed technology was assessed as TRL4 (technological development), mainly due to the early stage of the CO<sub>2</sub>-enhanced geothermal systems development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:23:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7bb21e273fba4dc9bc3c81896677ce82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:23:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-7bb21e273fba4dc9bc3c81896677ce822023-11-20T02:42:18ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-06-011311284110.3390/en13112841Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central PolandPaweł Gładysz0Anna Sowiżdżał1Maciej Miecznik2Maciej Hacaga3Leszek Pająk4Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, PolandFaculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Renewable Energy and Environmental Research, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-261 Kraków, PolandFaculty of National Security, War Studies University, 00-910 Warszawa, PolandFaculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, PolandThe objective of this study is to assess the techno-economic potential of the proposed novel energy system, which allows for negative emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The analyzed system comprises four main subsystems: a biomass-fired combined heat and power plant integrated with a CO<sub>2</sub> capture and compression unit, a CO<sub>2</sub> transport pipeline, a CO<sub>2</sub>-enhanced geothermal system, and a supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Brayton power cycle. For the purpose of the comprehensive techno-economic assessment, the results for the reference biomass-fired combined heat and power plant without CO<sub>2</sub> capture are also presented. Based on the proposed framework for energy and economic assessment, the energy efficiencies, the specific primary energy consumption of CO<sub>2</sub> avoidance, the cost of CO<sub>2</sub> avoidance, and negative CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are evaluated based on the results of process simulations. In addition, an overview of the relevant elements of the whole system is provided, taking into account technological progress and technology readiness levels. The specific primary energy consumption per unit of CO<sub>2</sub> avoided in the analyzed system is equal to 2.17 MJ<sub>LHV</sub>/kg CO<sub>2</sub> for biomass only (and 6.22 MJ<sub>LHV</sub>/kg CO<sub>2</sub> when geothermal energy is included) and 3.41 MJ<sub>LHV</sub>/kg CO<sub>2</sub> excluding the CO<sub>2</sub> utilization in the enhanced geothermal system. Regarding the economic performance of the analyzed system, the levelized cost of electricity and heat are almost two times higher than those of the reference system (239.0 to 127.5 EUR/MWh and 9.4 to 5.0 EUR/GJ), which leads to negative values of the Net Present Value in all analyzed scenarios. The CO<sub>2</sub> avoided cost and CO<sub>2</sub> negative cost in the business as usual economic scenario are equal to 63.0 and 48.2 EUR/t CO<sub>2</sub>, respectively, and drop to 27.3 and 20 EUR/t CO<sub>2</sub> in the technological development scenario. The analysis proves the economic feasibility of the proposed CO<sub>2</sub> utilization and storage option in the enhanced geothermal system integrated with the sCO<sub>2</sub> cycle when the cost of CO<sub>2</sub> transport and storage is above 10 EUR/t CO<sub>2</sub> (at a transport distance of 50 km). The technology readiness level of the proposed technology was assessed as TRL4 (technological development), mainly due to the early stage of the CO<sub>2</sub>-enhanced geothermal systems development.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/11/2841CO<sub>2</sub> captureutilization and storagecombined heat and powerCO<sub>2</sub> enhanced geothermal systemssupercritical CO<sub>2</sub> power cyclesbiomass |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Gładysz Anna Sowiżdżał Maciej Miecznik Maciej Hacaga Leszek Pająk Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland Energies CO<sub>2</sub> capture utilization and storage combined heat and power CO<sub>2</sub> enhanced geothermal systems supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> power cycles biomass |
| title | Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland |
| title_full | Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland |
| title_fullStr | Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland |
| title_short | Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland |
| title_sort | techno economic assessment of a combined heat and power plant integrated with carbon dioxide removal technology a case study for central poland |
| topic | CO<sub>2</sub> capture utilization and storage combined heat and power CO<sub>2</sub> enhanced geothermal systems supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> power cycles biomass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/11/2841 |
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