Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge
African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of suids that induces high mortality in domestic pigs and wild boars. Given the current spread of ASF, the development of a vaccine is a priority. During an attempt to inactivate the Georgia 2007/1 strain via heat treatment, we fortuitously gen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2777 |
| _version_ | 1797454909834002432 |
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| author | Olivier Bourry Evelyne Hutet Mireille Le Dimna Pierrick Lucas Yannick Blanchard Amélie Chastagner Frédéric Paboeuf Marie-Frédérique Le Potier |
| author_facet | Olivier Bourry Evelyne Hutet Mireille Le Dimna Pierrick Lucas Yannick Blanchard Amélie Chastagner Frédéric Paboeuf Marie-Frédérique Le Potier |
| author_sort | Olivier Bourry |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of suids that induces high mortality in domestic pigs and wild boars. Given the current spread of ASF, the development of a vaccine is a priority. During an attempt to inactivate the Georgia 2007/1 strain via heat treatment, we fortuitously generated an attenuated strain called ASFV-989. Compared to Georgia, the ASFV-989 strain genome has a deletion of 7458 nucleotides located in the 5′-end encoding region of MGF 505/360, which allowed for developing a DIVA PCR system. <i>In vitro</i>, in porcine alveolar macrophages, the replication kinetics of the ASFV-989 and Georgia strains were identical. <i>In vivo</i>, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs inoculated with the ASFV-989 strain, either intramuscularly or oronasally, exhibited transient hyperthermia and slightly decreased growth performance. Animals immunized with the ASFV-989 strain showed viremia 100 to 1000 times lower than those inoculated with the Georgia strain and developed a rapid antibody and cell-mediated response. In ASFV-989-immunized pigs challenged 2 or 4 weeks later with the Georgia strain, no symptoms were recorded and no viremia for the challenge strain was detected. These results show that the ASFV-989 strain is a promising non-GMO vaccine candidate that is usable either intramuscularly or oronasally. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:44:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7bb959856df74834a8612bf78b63a956 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:44:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-7bb959856df74834a8612bf78b63a9562023-11-24T18:39:29ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-12-011412277710.3390/v14122777Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 ChallengeOlivier Bourry0Evelyne Hutet1Mireille Le Dimna2Pierrick Lucas3Yannick Blanchard4Amélie Chastagner5Frédéric Paboeuf6Marie-Frédérique Le Potier7Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAgence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, FranceAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of suids that induces high mortality in domestic pigs and wild boars. Given the current spread of ASF, the development of a vaccine is a priority. During an attempt to inactivate the Georgia 2007/1 strain via heat treatment, we fortuitously generated an attenuated strain called ASFV-989. Compared to Georgia, the ASFV-989 strain genome has a deletion of 7458 nucleotides located in the 5′-end encoding region of MGF 505/360, which allowed for developing a DIVA PCR system. <i>In vitro</i>, in porcine alveolar macrophages, the replication kinetics of the ASFV-989 and Georgia strains were identical. <i>In vivo</i>, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs inoculated with the ASFV-989 strain, either intramuscularly or oronasally, exhibited transient hyperthermia and slightly decreased growth performance. Animals immunized with the ASFV-989 strain showed viremia 100 to 1000 times lower than those inoculated with the Georgia strain and developed a rapid antibody and cell-mediated response. In ASFV-989-immunized pigs challenged 2 or 4 weeks later with the Georgia strain, no symptoms were recorded and no viremia for the challenge strain was detected. These results show that the ASFV-989 strain is a promising non-GMO vaccine candidate that is usable either intramuscularly or oronasally.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2777ASFlive attenuated vaccineoronasalintramuscular |
| spellingShingle | Olivier Bourry Evelyne Hutet Mireille Le Dimna Pierrick Lucas Yannick Blanchard Amélie Chastagner Frédéric Paboeuf Marie-Frédérique Le Potier Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge Viruses ASF live attenuated vaccine oronasal intramuscular |
| title | Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge |
| title_full | Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge |
| title_fullStr | Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge |
| title_short | Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge |
| title_sort | oronasal or intramuscular immunization with a thermo attenuated asfv strain provides full clinical protection against georgia 2007 1 challenge |
| topic | ASF live attenuated vaccine oronasal intramuscular |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2777 |
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