Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Muscle atrophy occurs when protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis, resulting in imbalanced protein homeostasis, compromised muscle contraction, and a reduction in muscle mass. The incidence of muscle atrophy is increasingly recognized as a signifi...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/3/433 |
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| author | Jin A Lee Mi-Rae Shin Minju Kim Hwa-Young Kim Hwang-Yong Choi Yoojin Seo Hakjoo Choi Seong-Soo Roh |
| author_facet | Jin A Lee Mi-Rae Shin Minju Kim Hwa-Young Kim Hwang-Yong Choi Yoojin Seo Hakjoo Choi Seong-Soo Roh |
| author_sort | Jin A Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Muscle atrophy occurs when protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis, resulting in imbalanced protein homeostasis, compromised muscle contraction, and a reduction in muscle mass. The incidence of muscle atrophy is increasingly recognized as a significant worldwide public health problem. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of whey peptide (WP) on muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in mice. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups, each consisting of nine individuals. WPs were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice for 6 weeks. DEX was administered for 5–6 weeks to induce muscle atrophy (intraperitoneal injection, i.p.). <i>Results</i>: Microcomputer tomography (CT) analysis confirmed that WP significantly increased calf muscle volume and surface area in mice with DEX-induced muscle atrophy, as evidenced by tissue staining. Furthermore, it increased the area of muscle fibers and facilitated greater collagen deposition. Moreover, WP significantly decreased the levels of serum biomarkers associated with muscle damage, kidney function, and inflammatory cytokines. WP increased p-mTOR and p-p70S6K levels through the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway, while concurrently decreasing protein catabolism via the FOXO pathway. Furthermore, the expression of proteins associated with myocyte differentiation increased noticeably. <i>Conclusions</i>: These results confirm that WP reduces muscle atrophy by regulating muscle protein homeostasis. Additionally, it is believed that it helps to relieve muscle atrophy by regulating the expression of myocyte differentiation factors. Therefore, we propose that WP plays a significant role in preventing and treating muscle wasting by functioning as a supplement to counteract muscle atrophy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:01:38Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:01:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-7bcbde5d145849e4a795777ff487185c2024-03-27T13:53:37ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442024-03-0160343310.3390/medicina60030433Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in MiceJin A Lee0Mi-Rae Shin1Minju Kim2Hwa-Young Kim3Hwang-Yong Choi4Yoojin Seo5Hakjoo Choi6Seong-Soo Roh7Department of Herbology, Daegu Haany University, Deagu 42158, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Herbology, Daegu Haany University, Deagu 42158, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver Disease, Daegu Haany University, 1, Hanuidae-ro, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Republic of KoreaJu Yeong NS Co., Ltd., Seoul 05854, Republic of KoreaJu Yeong NS Co., Ltd., Seoul 05854, Republic of KoreaJu Yeong NS Co., Ltd., Seoul 05854, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Herbology, Daegu Haany University, Deagu 42158, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Herbology, Daegu Haany University, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Muscle atrophy occurs when protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis, resulting in imbalanced protein homeostasis, compromised muscle contraction, and a reduction in muscle mass. The incidence of muscle atrophy is increasingly recognized as a significant worldwide public health problem. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of whey peptide (WP) on muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in mice. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups, each consisting of nine individuals. WPs were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice for 6 weeks. DEX was administered for 5–6 weeks to induce muscle atrophy (intraperitoneal injection, i.p.). <i>Results</i>: Microcomputer tomography (CT) analysis confirmed that WP significantly increased calf muscle volume and surface area in mice with DEX-induced muscle atrophy, as evidenced by tissue staining. Furthermore, it increased the area of muscle fibers and facilitated greater collagen deposition. Moreover, WP significantly decreased the levels of serum biomarkers associated with muscle damage, kidney function, and inflammatory cytokines. WP increased p-mTOR and p-p70S6K levels through the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway, while concurrently decreasing protein catabolism via the FOXO pathway. Furthermore, the expression of proteins associated with myocyte differentiation increased noticeably. <i>Conclusions</i>: These results confirm that WP reduces muscle atrophy by regulating muscle protein homeostasis. Additionally, it is believed that it helps to relieve muscle atrophy by regulating the expression of myocyte differentiation factors. Therefore, we propose that WP plays a significant role in preventing and treating muscle wasting by functioning as a supplement to counteract muscle atrophy.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/3/433muscle atrophywhey peptidedexamethasoneglucocorticoidsmyocyte differentiation |
| spellingShingle | Jin A Lee Mi-Rae Shin Minju Kim Hwa-Young Kim Hwang-Yong Choi Yoojin Seo Hakjoo Choi Seong-Soo Roh Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice Medicina muscle atrophy whey peptide dexamethasone glucocorticoids myocyte differentiation |
| title | Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice |
| title_full | Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice |
| title_short | Whey Peptide Alleviates Muscle Atrophy by Strongly Regulating Myocyte Differentiation in Mice |
| title_sort | whey peptide alleviates muscle atrophy by strongly regulating myocyte differentiation in mice |
| topic | muscle atrophy whey peptide dexamethasone glucocorticoids myocyte differentiation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/3/433 |
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