Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa

Climate change has caused substantial losses, especially to smallholder farmers whose main source of livelihood is derived from agriculture. Climate change impacts can be reduced by enhancing coping and adaptation strategies. This study explores the coping and adaptation strategies of smallholder fa...

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Main Authors: Sydney Shikwambana, Ntokozo Malaza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-07-01
Series:Conservation
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7159/2/3/29
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author Sydney Shikwambana
Ntokozo Malaza
author_facet Sydney Shikwambana
Ntokozo Malaza
author_sort Sydney Shikwambana
collection DOAJ
description Climate change has caused substantial losses, especially to smallholder farmers whose main source of livelihood is derived from agriculture. Climate change impacts can be reduced by enhancing coping and adaptation strategies. This study explores the coping and adaptation strategies of smallholder farming communities in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. As part of the assessment and analysis of drought, multiple sources of data were consulted, including 200 households’ socio-economic information, focus group discussions, and interviews. Extreme drought events are increasing, impacting negatively on smallholder farmers’ livelihoods. Adaptations to changing weather patterns were observed in smallholder farmers through planting early-maturing plants and drought-tolerant crops, altering planting dates, crop diversification, and irrigating in addition to non-farming activities. There is a need to enhance these context-based adaptation strategies to reduce risks and vulnerability and increase household resilience. Several socioeconomic developments and significant ecological deterioration appear to limit opportunities for long-term adaptation to drought.
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spelling doaj.art-7bd20986f85746ac8f927161bd3c469c2023-11-23T15:42:16ZengMDPI AGConservation2673-71592022-07-012343544910.3390/conservation2030029Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South AfricaSydney Shikwambana0Ntokozo Malaza1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Keizersgracht Street, Zonnebloem, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaFaculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Keizersgracht Street, Zonnebloem, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaClimate change has caused substantial losses, especially to smallholder farmers whose main source of livelihood is derived from agriculture. Climate change impacts can be reduced by enhancing coping and adaptation strategies. This study explores the coping and adaptation strategies of smallholder farming communities in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. As part of the assessment and analysis of drought, multiple sources of data were consulted, including 200 households’ socio-economic information, focus group discussions, and interviews. Extreme drought events are increasing, impacting negatively on smallholder farmers’ livelihoods. Adaptations to changing weather patterns were observed in smallholder farmers through planting early-maturing plants and drought-tolerant crops, altering planting dates, crop diversification, and irrigating in addition to non-farming activities. There is a need to enhance these context-based adaptation strategies to reduce risks and vulnerability and increase household resilience. Several socioeconomic developments and significant ecological deterioration appear to limit opportunities for long-term adaptation to drought.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7159/2/3/29resiliencecopingadaptationsmallholder farmerssustainabilityclimate change
spellingShingle Sydney Shikwambana
Ntokozo Malaza
Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
Conservation
resilience
coping
adaptation
smallholder farmers
sustainability
climate change
title Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
title_full Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
title_fullStr Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
title_short Enhancing the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Drought in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
title_sort enhancing the resilience and adaptive capacity of smallholder farmers to drought in the limpopo province south africa
topic resilience
coping
adaptation
smallholder farmers
sustainability
climate change
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7159/2/3/29
work_keys_str_mv AT sydneyshikwambana enhancingtheresilienceandadaptivecapacityofsmallholderfarmerstodroughtinthelimpopoprovincesouthafrica
AT ntokozomalaza enhancingtheresilienceandadaptivecapacityofsmallholderfarmerstodroughtinthelimpopoprovincesouthafrica