Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
Zika virus (ZIKV) remained largely quiescent for nearly six decades after its first appearance in 1947. ZIKV reappeared after 2007, resulting in a declaration of an international “public health emergency” in 2016 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Until this time, ZIKV was considered to induce...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-08-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01469/full |
| _version_ | 1828420146372280320 |
|---|---|
| author | Ashok Munjal Rekha Khandia Kuldeep Dhama Swati Sachan Kumaragurubaran Karthik Ruchi Tiwari Yashpal S. Malik Deepak Kumar Raj K. Singh Hafiz M. N. Iqbal Sunil K. Joshi |
| author_facet | Ashok Munjal Rekha Khandia Kuldeep Dhama Swati Sachan Kumaragurubaran Karthik Ruchi Tiwari Yashpal S. Malik Deepak Kumar Raj K. Singh Hafiz M. N. Iqbal Sunil K. Joshi |
| author_sort | Ashok Munjal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zika virus (ZIKV) remained largely quiescent for nearly six decades after its first appearance in 1947. ZIKV reappeared after 2007, resulting in a declaration of an international “public health emergency” in 2016 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Until this time, ZIKV was considered to induce only mild illness, but it has now been established as the cause of severe clinical manifestations, including fetal anomalies, neurological problems, and autoimmune disorders. Infection during pregnancy can cause congenital brain abnormalities, including microcephaly and neurological degeneration, and in other cases, Guillain-Barré syndrome, making infections with ZIKV a substantial public health concern. Genomic and molecular investigations are underway to investigate ZIKV pathology and its recent enhanced pathogenicity, as well as to design safe and potent vaccines, drugs, and therapeutics. This review describes progress in the design and development of various anti-ZIKV therapeutics, including drugs targeting virus entry into cells and the helicase protein, nucleosides, inhibitors of NS3 protein, small molecules, methyltransferase inhibitors, interferons, repurposed drugs, drugs designed with the aid of computers, neutralizing antibodies, convalescent serum, antibodies that limit antibody-dependent enhancement, and herbal medicines. Additionally, covalent inhibitors of viral protein expression and anti-Toll-like receptor molecules are discussed. To counter ZIKV-associated disease, we need to make rapid progress in developing novel therapies that work effectually to inhibit ZIKV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:06:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7bd806689d794049ba8408c798ff22ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:06:47Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7bd806689d794049ba8408c798ff22ee2022-12-22T01:44:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2017-08-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.01469287094Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future PerspectivesAshok Munjal0Rekha Khandia1Kuldeep Dhama2Swati Sachan3Kumaragurubaran Karthik4Ruchi Tiwari5Yashpal S. Malik6Deepak Kumar7Raj K. Singh8Hafiz M. N. Iqbal9Sunil K. Joshi10Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah UniversityBhopal, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah UniversityBhopal, IndiaDivision of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly, IndiaImmunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly, IndiaCentral University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityChennai, IndiaDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan SansthanMathura, IndiaDivision of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly, IndiaDivision of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly, IndiaICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly, IndiaSchool of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus MonterreyMonterrey, Mexico0Cellular Immunology Lab, Frank Reidy Research Center of Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, NorfolkVA, United StatesZika virus (ZIKV) remained largely quiescent for nearly six decades after its first appearance in 1947. ZIKV reappeared after 2007, resulting in a declaration of an international “public health emergency” in 2016 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Until this time, ZIKV was considered to induce only mild illness, but it has now been established as the cause of severe clinical manifestations, including fetal anomalies, neurological problems, and autoimmune disorders. Infection during pregnancy can cause congenital brain abnormalities, including microcephaly and neurological degeneration, and in other cases, Guillain-Barré syndrome, making infections with ZIKV a substantial public health concern. Genomic and molecular investigations are underway to investigate ZIKV pathology and its recent enhanced pathogenicity, as well as to design safe and potent vaccines, drugs, and therapeutics. This review describes progress in the design and development of various anti-ZIKV therapeutics, including drugs targeting virus entry into cells and the helicase protein, nucleosides, inhibitors of NS3 protein, small molecules, methyltransferase inhibitors, interferons, repurposed drugs, drugs designed with the aid of computers, neutralizing antibodies, convalescent serum, antibodies that limit antibody-dependent enhancement, and herbal medicines. Additionally, covalent inhibitors of viral protein expression and anti-Toll-like receptor molecules are discussed. To counter ZIKV-associated disease, we need to make rapid progress in developing novel therapies that work effectually to inhibit ZIKV.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01469/fullZika virusdrugstherapiesmicrocephalyGuillain-Barré Syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Ashok Munjal Rekha Khandia Kuldeep Dhama Swati Sachan Kumaragurubaran Karthik Ruchi Tiwari Yashpal S. Malik Deepak Kumar Raj K. Singh Hafiz M. N. Iqbal Sunil K. Joshi Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives Frontiers in Microbiology Zika virus drugs therapies microcephaly Guillain-Barré Syndrome |
| title | Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives |
| title_full | Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives |
| title_short | Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives |
| title_sort | advances in developing therapies to combat zika virus current knowledge and future perspectives |
| topic | Zika virus drugs therapies microcephaly Guillain-Barré Syndrome |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01469/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ashokmunjal advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT rekhakhandia advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT kuldeepdhama advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT swatisachan advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT kumaragurubarankarthik advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT ruchitiwari advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT yashpalsmalik advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT deepakkumar advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT rajksingh advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT hafizmniqbal advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives AT sunilkjoshi advancesindevelopingtherapiestocombatzikaviruscurrentknowledgeandfutureperspectives |